x2 + 2xy - 2y - 1
=x2+2xy+y2-y2-2y-1
=(x2+2xy+y2)-(y2+2y+1)
= (x)2+2.x.y+(y)2 - (y)2+2.y.1+(1)2)
=(x+y)2-(y+1)2
= (x + y + y + 1)(x + y - y - 1)
= (x + 2y + 1)(x - 1) (Ans.)
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