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Which of the following features best describe an independent variable in research ? A. It is the cause in the cause-effect relationship. B. It is the effect in the cause-effect relationship. C. It is the condition or characteristic which is manipulated in an experimental study. D. It is the variable which is placed under control. E. It is a kind of response variable. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Which of the following features best describe an independent variable in research ? A. It is the cause in the cause-effect relationship. B. It is the effect in the cause-effect relationship. C. It is the condition or characteristic which is manipulated in an experimental study. D. It is the variable which is placed under control. E. It is a kind of response variable. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: Correct Answer A and C only

Variables:

  • Variables are defined as the properties or kinds of characteristics of certain events or objects.
  • In research, variables are any characteristics that can take on different values, such as height, age, species, or exam score.
  • In scientific research, we often want to study the effect of one variable on another one.
  • For example, you might want to test whether students who spend more time studying get better exam scores. The variables in a study of a cause-and-effect relationship are called the independent and dependent variables.

Independent Variable:

  • Independent variables are variables that are manipulated or are changed by researchers and whose effects are measured and compared.
  • The other name for independent variables is Predictor(s).
  • The independent variables are called as such because independent variables predict or forecast the values of the dependent variable in the model.
  • The independent variable is the cause. Its value is independent of other variables in your study.
  • Example: How long you sleep (independent variable) affects your test score (dependent variable).

Thus, option 3 is the correct answer.

Dependent Variable:

  • The dependent variables refer to that type of variable that measures the effect of the independent variable(s) on the test units.
  • We can also say that the dependent variables are the types of variables that are completely dependent on the independent variable(s).
  • The other name for the dependent variable is the Predicted variable(s) or Response variable(s).
  • The dependent variables are named as such because they are the values that are predicted or assumed by the predictor / independent variables.
  • The dependent variable is the effect. Its value depends on changes in the independent variable.

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