For a 4 bit MOD-16 ripple counter using J-K flip-flop, the propagation delay of each flip flop is 50ns. What is the maximum clock frequency can be used?

For a 4 bit MOD-16 ripple counter using J-K flip-flop, the propagation delay of each flip flop is 50ns. What is the maximum clock frequency can be used? Correct Answer 5 MHz

Total propagation delay for 4 flip-flops (1 bit for each) = (4 × 50) = 200ns So, maximum clock frequency is reciprocal of total propagation delay = (1 / 200 × 10-9) Hz = 5 × 106 Hz = 5 MHz

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Consider a combination of T and D flip-flops connected as shown below. The output of the D flip-flop is connected to the T flip-flop and the output of the T flip-flop is connected to the input of the D flip-flop. Initially, both Q0 and Q1 are set to 1 (before the 1st clock cycle). The outputs