Which of the following learning disability directly affects the ability to write coherently?

Option 2 : Dysgraphia

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (RPwD) 2016 has included Learning Disabilities and defines the condition as follows:

• ‘specific learning disabilities" means a heterogeneous group of conditions wherein there is a deficit in processing language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself as a difficulty to comprehend, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations and includes such conditions as perceptual disabilities, dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia, and developmental aphasia’

​Dysgraphia: Dysgraphia is a writing disability. There are many signs which will indicate that the learner may have dysgraphia.

For example, a learner with dysgraphia may:

• have difficulty in writing correct spellings
• show poor spatial planning on paper (misuse of lines and margins) mix uppercase and lowercase letters
• have trouble forming letters (inconsistent form and size)
• have trouble writing on lines have difficulty organizing ideas
• have trouble thinking and writing at the same time

Dyslexia: Dyslexia is characterized by trouble reading. It may also be referred to as a reading disability. There are many signs which would indicate that the learner may have dyslexia.

For example, a learner with dyslexia may:

• have difficulty in reading words, writing words, or spelling words
• have trouble speaking, for e.g. they can read a text slowly but not quickly
• have trouble recalling familiar words
• shows disparity between listening and reading comprehension of text

Dyspraxia: It is a type of learning disability associated with motor skill development, especially fine motor skills. Dyspraxia means that movement and coordination are affected. It is a motor planning disorder, not a muscular deficit.

Dyscalculia: Dyscalculia is a mathematical disability. In this disability, the learner has difficulty in learning or comprehending mathematics. There are many signs which would indicate that the learner may have dyscalculia. For example, learners with dyscalculia may:

• have trouble in counting have trouble arranging the things in order or sequence shows the difficulty in understanding fractions
• Does not understand how to use steps in a mathematical operation
• have trouble understanding concepts of quantity, place value, and positive and negative values have trouble understanding the concepts of months, weeks, days, etc.
• have trouble adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing.

Thus, Dysgraphia's learning disability directly affects the ability to write coherently.