Which of the following exercises MOST CLOSELY aligns with the constructivist approach?

Option 1 : Using colour of the river to identify the presence of pollutants. 

A constructivist classroom is associated with the constructivist approach to education which prioritizes collaborative learning by engaging students in conversations and projects.

• Constructivism encourages students to create knowledge through experience rather than merely passing it from the teacher to the student.

Features of a constructivist approach-

• Students are actively involved in problem-solving. Students ask questions, study topics, and use a variety of resources to find answers.
• The constructivist approach places a strong emphasis on collaboration among students. It emphasizes collaboration with others while learning such as peer learning, group activities, etc.
• Students are in charge of their learning and take the initiative by reflecting on their experiences. As a result, they become experts in their learning. 
• Children are active participants rather than passive receivers of the information.
• In a constructivist classroom, activities are engaging and child-centered and the teacher fosters a learning process in which children are encouraged to be self-reliant and autonomous.  

Hence, we conclude that using the color of the river to identify the presence of pollutants in the exercise most closely aligns constructivist approach.

The other three activities do not follow the constructivist approach as they do not involve children actively in the learning process.