1 | Indonesia | 228,582,000 | 86.1%[3] | Sunni | None | Presidential republic | 316,000[4] | 3,725 |
2 | Pakistan | 172,800,000[5] | 97%[6] | Sunni/Shi’a | Islamic state[7] | Parliamentary democracy | 528,000[8] | 2,592 |
3 | Bangladesh | 162,221,000[9] | 89%[10] | Sunni | Secular [11] | Parliamentary democracy | 120,000[12] | 1,378 |
4 | Nigeria | 154,279,000[13] | 50%[14] | Sunni | None | Presidential Federal Republic | 78,500[15] | 2,035 |
5 | Egypt | 77,100,000[16] | 90%[17] | Sunni | State religion[18] | Semi-presidential republic | 450,000[19] | 5,491 |
6 | Turkey | 71,517,100[20] | 99.8%[21] | Sunni | Secular[22] | Parliamentary democracy | 514,850[23] | 12,888 |
7 | Iran | 70,495,782[24] | 98%[25] | Shi’a | Islamic state[26] | Presidential republic and Theocracy | 545,000[27] | 10,624 |
8 | Sudan | 39,379,358 | 70%[28] | Sunni | None | Authoritarian republic | 104,500[29] | 2,172 |
9 | Algeria | 33,769,669[30] | 99%[31] | Sunni | State religion[32] | Presidential republic | 127,500[33] | 6,538 |
10 | Afghanistan | 32,738,376[34] | 99%[35] | Sunni | Islamic state[36] | Presidential republic | 70,000[37] | 724 |
11 | Morocco | 33,723,418 | 99%[38] | Sunni | State religion[39] | Constitutional monarchy | 196,300[40] | 4,076 |
12 | Iraq | 31,234,000[41] | 97%[42] | Shi’a/Sunni | State religion | Parliamentary democracy | 254,418[43] | 3,600 |
13 | Malaysia | 27,730,000[44] | 60.4%[45] | Sunni | State religion[46] | Parliamentary democracy and EM | 110,000[47] | 13,315 |
14 | Saudi Arabia | 27,601,038[48] | 100%[6][49] | Sunni Wahhabi | Islamic state[50] | Absolute monarchy | 199,500[51] | 23,243 |
15 | Uzbekistan | 27,372,000 | 88%[52] | Sunni | Secular | Presidential republic | 53,000[53] | 2,344 |
16 | Yemen | 23,013,376 | 99%[54] | Sunni/Shi’a | Islamic state[55] | Presidential republic | 65,000[56] | 2,335 |
17 | Syria | 19,405,000 | 90%[57] | Sunni | None[58] | Authoritarian republic | 296,000[59] | 4,448 |
18 | Kazakhstan | 15,217,711[60] | 57%[61] | Sunni | Secular[62] | Presidential republic | 65,800[63] | 11,086 |
19 | Niger | 13,272,679 | 90%[64] | Sunni | Secular[65] | Parliamentary democracy | 5,300[66] | 666 |
20 | Burkina Faso | 13,228,000 | 50%[67] | Sunni | Secular | Semi-presidential republic | 6,000[68] | 1,253 |
21 | Mali | 11,995,402 | 90%[69] | Sunni | Secular | Semi-presidential republic | 7,350[70] | 1,031 |
22 | Senegal | 11,658,000 | 94%[71] | Sunni | Secular | Semi-presidential republic | 9,400[72] | 1,685 |
23 | Tunisia | 10,383,577 | 98%[73] | Sunni | State religion[74] | Presidential republic | 35,000[75] | 7,473 |
24 | Guinea | 10,211,437 | 85%[76] | Sunni | Secular | Military junta | 9,700[77] | 1,074 |
25 | Somalia | 9,558,666 | 99.9%[78] | Sunni | State religion | Coalition government | 10,000 | 600 |
26 | Azerbaijan | 8,676,000[79] | 93.4%[80] | Shi’a | Secular[81] | Presidential republic | 95,000 | 7,656 |
27 | Tajikistan | 7,215,700 | 97%[82] | Sunni | Secular[83] | Presidential republic | 6,000[84] | 1,841 |
28 | Sierra Leone | 6,294,774[85] | 60%[86] | Sunni | None | Presidential republic | 13,000[87] | 692 |
29 | Libya | 6,173,579[88] | 97%[89] | Sunni | State religion[90] | Jamahiriya Revolution | 76,000[91] | 12,277 |
30 | Jordan | 5,568,565 | 95%[92] | Sunni | state religion | Constitutional monarchy | 100,700[93] | 4,886 |
31 | United Arab Emirates | 5,432,746[94] | 76%[95] | Sunni | State religion[96] | Federal constitutional monarchy | 50,500[97] | 37,293 |
32 | Kyrgyzstan | 5,356,869 | 75%[98] | Sunni | Secular[99] | Semi-presidential republic | 12,500[100] | – |
33 | Turkmenistan | 5,110,023 | 89%[101] | Sunni | Secular[102] | Parliamentary republic | 26,000[103] | 5,154 |
34 | Chad | 5,041,690 | 54%[104] | Sunni | Secular | Presidential republic | 30,350[105] | 1,675 |
35 | Lebanon | 4,196,453 | 60%[106] | Shi’a/Sunni | None | Parliamentary democracy | 72,100[107] | 11,270 |
36 | Kuwait | 3,399,637[108] | 85%[109] | Sunni/Shi’a | State religion [110] | Constitutional monarchy | 15,500[111] | 39,305 |
37 | Albania | 3,170,048[112] | 70%[113] | Sunni | None | Parliamentary republic | 9,500[114] | 6,897[115] |
38 | Mauritania | 3,124,000[116] | 99.99%[117] | Sunni | Islamic state[118] | Military junta | 15,750[119] | 2,008 |
39 | Oman | 2,577,000[120] | 93%[121] | Ibadi | State religion[122] | Absolute monarchy | 41,700[123] | 23,967 |
40 | Kosovo[a] | 2,100,000[124] | 90%[125] | Sunni | Secular[126] | Parliamentary republic | – | 1,800[127] |
41 | The Gambia | 1,700,000 | 90%[128] | Sunni | Secular | Presidential republic | 800[129] | 1,326 |
42 | Bahrain | 1,046,814 | 81%[130] | Shi’a | State religion[131] | Constitutional monarchy | 11,200[132] | 32,604 |
43 | Comoros | 798,000 | 98%[133] | Sunni | State religion | Federal republic | – | 1,125 |
44 | Qatar | 744,029[134] | 77.5%[135] | Sunni | State religion[136] | Absolute monarchy | 12,400[137] | 80,870 |
45 | Djibouti | 496,374 | 94%[138] | Sunni | Secular | Semi-presidential republic | 9,850[139] | 2,271 |
46 | Brunei | 381,371[140] | 67%[141] | Sunni | State religion | Absolute monarchy | 7,000[142] | 51,005 |
47 | Maldives | 350,000[143] | 100% [144] | Sunni | State religion[145] |