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The following statements (S1, S2, S3) pertain to an under the reinforced beam of concrete. Choose the correct statements. S1: These beams are deeper when compared to a balanced beam section. S2: The failure of the beam takes place due to the failure of steel. S3: These beams undergo large deflections at failure.

The following statements (S1, S2, S3) pertain to an under the reinforced beam of concrete. Choose the correct statements. S1: These beams are deeper when compared to a balanced beam section. S2: The failure of the beam takes place due to the failure of steel. S3: These beams undergo large deflections at failure. Correct Answer S1, S2 and S3

The characteristics of under reinforced section and over reinforced section when compared with balanced section are given below in tabulated form.

Under – reinforced section when  compared  with Balance section

Over – reinforced section when compared  with Balance section

Steel yield first then concrete

Concrete will reach to maximum stress first

Reinforcement is less than a balanced section

Reinforcement is more than a balanced section

Primarily tension failure

Primarily Compression  failure

Ductile failure

Sudden or brittle failure

Depth of Neutral axis shifts upward i.e. it is less than that of balanced section (Xu < Xu,lim)

Depth of Neutral axis shifts downward i.e. it is more than that of balanced section (Xu > Xu,lim)

Strain in steel is greater than that of in balanced section.

Strain in steel is less than that of in balanced section.

Larger section  is required because it has less steel

Smaller section is required because it has more steel.

More deflection because it has less steel

Less deflection because it has more steel.

Moment of Resistance is less than that of Balanced section

Moment of Resistance is more than that of Balanced section

 

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