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Which of the following action words when emphasized in Teacher Education will form part of reflective teaching styles? (a) Plan, act and improve (b) Design, deliver and evaluate (c) Engage, explore and evaluate (d) Explain, clarify and elaborate (e) Praise, encourage and influence Choose the correct option from the following list.

Which of the following action words when emphasized in Teacher Education will form part of reflective teaching styles? (a) Plan, act and improve (b) Design, deliver and evaluate (c) Engage, explore and evaluate (d) Explain, clarify and elaborate (e) Praise, encourage and influence Choose the correct option from the following list. Correct Answer (c) and (d)

Reflective teaching

Reflection is a process in which an experience is to engage, explore, and evaluated in relation to some broad purpose. It is a response to past experience and includes an examination of past experiences for evaluation and decision making in search of new meaning and interpretation. The terms reflection and reflective thinking, however, include a wide range of concepts and strategies. 

Reflection teaching includes the intellectual and affective activities in which individuals engage to explore their experiences in order to lead to new understandings and appreciations. It is reviewing an experience of practice in order to explain, clarify, and elaborate and so inform learning about practice.

Reflective teaching emphasizes five key features of a teacher as a reflective practitioner. These are: 

  • examines, frames, and attempts to solve the dilemmas of classroom practice, 
  • is aware of the questions, assumptions, and values s/he brings to teaching, 
  • is attentive to the institutional and cultural context in which s/he teaches, 
  • takes part in curriculum development. 
  • takes responsibility for his/her own professional development

Reflective teaching entailed critical questions about the ends, means, and contexts of teaching. Good reflective teaching also needed to be democratic in the sense that teachers must be committed to teaching all of the students to the same high academic standards, and It must be democratic and self-critical.

Promoting reflection among teachers and trainee teachers is considered crucial so as to bring about the changes envisioned in NCF 2005 and National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education (2009) into reality. 

Phases of teaching

Plan, act, improve, design, deliver, and evaluate are the keywords used in three phases of teaching-learning process i.e the Pre, interactive, and post-teaching.

1)Pre-active:

  • Before beginning actual teaching the instructor must be aware of the teaching objectives to be achieved at the end of the process. The aims are fixed keeping in mind the level (interest, capability, aptitude, psychology, background, etc.) of learners, content, and expectations (of teacher, learner & society), etc.
  • After fixing the goals, the next level is analyzing the content. The analysis of the content should be done accordingly since the aims are clear and the matter is organized, the teacher must prepare strategies to accompany the teaching and make it more interesting and creative. Efforts should be made to make the learning experience of the learner as effective as possible.

2)Inter-active:​

  • The interactive process occurs between teachers and learners wherein the teacher presents new content by linking it with previous knowledge of learners.
  • The teacher provides pupils verbal stimulation of various kinds, makes an explanation, asks questions, listens to learner’s response, provide guidance and present the content and material that is prepared in the first phase of the teaching.

3)Post-active:

  • This phase is an acid test for a teacher because evaluation begins to check how far the teacher has been successful in achieving the objectives and bringing out the desired behavioral changes in the learners.
  • This is the winding up of the teaching process or in other words, it is the beginning of a new, better, and modified teaching process of the same content and plans the whole process (re-teaching) to improve the techniques.

Note: From the above, we can analyze that engage, explore, evaluated, and explain, clarify, elaborate action words when emphasized in Teacher Education will form part of reflective teaching styles.

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