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Option 4 : Stomata in upper surface of leaf
Concept:
- Adaptation refers to the presence of specific features and habits which enable a plant or animal to live in a particular habitat and its geographical conditions.
- Adaptation is a long-term gradual and continuous process.
- Habitat refers to the surroundings where plants and animals live.
- The plants or trees species survive in their environment such as underwater, in deserts, on grassland, on the mountain range, etc
- For example, seaweed is a plant adapted for its underwater environment, cacti are adapted for a desert environment, conifers plants are adapted for a snowy environment, etc.
Explanation:
- Aquatic plants are plants that are adapted to living in aquatic environments.
- Example: seaweeds etc
Characteristic features of plants in the Aquatic region:
- Aquatic plants have stomata on the upper surface of leaves because it helps them in the process of exchanges of gases which helps in floating on the water
- The stems and petioles of the aquatic plants are soft and flexible so that they move easily with the waves without breaking.
- The aquatic plants have thin ribbon-shaped slender leaves to withstand the fast current of water.
- The leaves and stems are coated with a waxy layer and have their air bubble in each leaf that provides the necessary space for the exchange of oxygen from the water to the plants.
- Some aquatic plants are firmly rooted in the soil and some are submerged in water.
Therefore, the correct answer is Stomata on the upper surface of the leaf.
Scansorial adaptation
- 'Scansorius' means capable of climbing and 'arboreus' means 'of a tree'.
- Modification for leading life on the walls, rocks, and branches of the trees is called scansorial adaptation.
Volant adaptation
- Volant adaptation is defined as the animals that spend most of their time in the air, i.e., flying.
- The environment, i.e., the air is characteristically homogeneous and lighter than any other habitat.
Cursorial adaptation
- A cursorial organism is adapted specifically to run.
- An animal can be considered cursorial if it can run fast (e.g. cheetah) or if it can keep a constant speed for a long distance.
Stomata
- Stomata are the small openings found on the leaf epidermis.
- It can be found on stems and other plant parts.
- It can be seen beneath in the light of the microscope.
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