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Option 3 : B and D only

The correct answer is B and D only.

Accounting for price level changes - Accounting for price-level changes, commonly known as inflation accounting, is a financial reporting technique that, based on the assumption of stable currency, records the effects of inflation on the financial statements that a firm produces and publishes at the end of the fiscal year.

The following are the commonly accepted techniques for accounting for changes in price level - 

1.Current Purchasing Power Method(CPP) - 

  • The values of various items in the balance sheet and profit and loss account are converted using this procedure using any recognised and approved general price index.
  • This method accounts for changes in the value of products as a result of the overall price level, but it does not take individual item value changes into account.
  • For the conversion of historical expenses, the Reserve Bank of India's consumer price index or wholesale pricing index can be used.

2.Current Cost Accounting Method(CCA) - 

  • The creation of financial statements using the current values of individual things rather than the historical or original costs is the current cost accounting technique.
  • The current purchasing power technique can be replaced with the current cost accounting approach.
  • The financial statements created using this technique give more accurate information and distinguish between gains attributable to changes in price levels and profits made through business operations.
  • The strategy avoids overstating earnings and maintains capital because depreciation under CCA is provided on current costs.
  • The influence of holding monetary things on the business's finances in terms of earnings and losses is also underlined.
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