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Option 4 : All of the above
Concept-
Human Excretory system: Kidney
- The organ system which is used to remove waste products from the body is called the human excretory system and the Kidneys play an important role.
- The major waste product generated in the human body is urea, along with which some other toxins are also generated.
- Urea is eliminated by the kidneys by the process of urination and solid wastes are removed from the body by the intestines.
- The kidneys play vital roles, including filtering wastes from the blood, regulating blood pressure, and balancing the fluid, salt, and acid in the body.
- The kidneys also help to maintain homeostasis by regulating the concentration and volume of body fluids.
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Kidney
- The kidney is a bean-shaped organ.
- Its function is to clean blood and eliminate the waste from the blood in form of urine
- It is present in the abdomen, just below the diaphragm, and is protected by ribs.
- Each kidney weighs 120 g to 170 g and is 10-12 cm long and 5-7 cm wide and is the size of a fist.
- Kidneys are made up of subunits called nephrons.
Explanation-
- Each kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called Nephrons.
- A nephron can be divided into the following regions-
- Bowman's capsule- Within the Bowman's capsule a network or tuft of capillaries is present, it is called Glomerulus.
- Malpighian body
- Loop of Henle
- PCT and DCT
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