1. It maintains the pH of blood.
  2. It maintains salt contents of the body.
  3. It helps the body to maintain homeostasis.
  4. All of the above
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1 Answers

Option 4 : All of the above

Concept-

Human Excretory system: Kidney

  • The organ system which is used to remove waste products from the body is called the human excretory system and the Kidneys play an important role. 
  • The major waste product generated in the human body is urea, along with which some other toxins are also generated.
  • Urea is eliminated by the kidneys by the process of urination and solid wastes are removed from the body by the intestines.
  • The kidneys play vital roles, including filtering wastes from the blood, regulating blood pressure, and balancing the fluid, salt, and acid in the body.
  • The kidneys also help to maintain homeostasis by regulating the concentration and volume of body fluids.

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Kidney

  • The kidney is a bean-shaped organ.
  • Its function is to clean blood and eliminate the waste from the blood in form of urine
  • It is present in the abdomen, just below the diaphragm, and is protected by ribs.
  • Each kidney weighs 120 g to 170 g and is 10-12 cm long and 5-7 cm wide and is the size of a fist.
  • Kidneys are made up of subunits called nephrons.

Explanation-

  • Each kidney has nearly one million complex tubular structures called Nephrons.
  • A nephron can be divided into the following regions-
    • Bowman's capsule- Within the Bowman's capsule a network or tuft of capillaries is present, it is called Glomerulus.
    • Malpighian body
    • Loop of Henle
    • PCT and DCT
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