No. The only thing that will work is a fireplace cover with insulation. The fireplace should be covered across the front, inside the home. This insulated cover will also stop the smell from the fireplace.
Curtains are a good start. If you have thicker curtains on your windows, it will trap heat in the house at night, making it warmer. Putting a rug down if...
Elmer's glue is water soluble so the newspaper will lose its shape if it gets wet. Two layers of newspaper will not have enough strength to hold a shape.