Which of the following options correctly specifies the types of intelligence given by Howard Gardner?
Which of the following options correctly specifies the types of intelligence given by Howard Gardner? Correct Answer Intrapersonal, Naturalist, Bodily-kinesthetic
Howard Gardner proposed a theory of multiple intelligence. Gardner defines intelligence as "a biopsychological potential to process information that can be activated in a cultural setting to solve problems or create products that are of value in a culture. The theory of multiple intelligence consists of eight different kinds of intelligence.
Key Points The theory of Multiple Intelligence consists of:
-
Bodily Kinesthetic: Learners use the body effectively and have body awareness. In this class, students are using their bodies to spell new words.
-
For example movement, role-playing, hands-on learning, and using real objects.
-
-
Intrapersonal: Learners understand themselves and their own goals.
- For Example independent learning, creative materials, and private time.
- Naturalistic: Learners can identify plants, animals, etc.
- For example, animals, nature, being outside, gardening, etc.
- So we can say that Bodily Kinaesthetic, Intrapersonal, and Naturalistic are the intelligence of Multiple intelligence theories proposed by Howard Gardner.
Important Points Other intelligence proposed by Howard Gardner are-
-
Visual-spatial: Learners think about physical space and their surrounding environments.
-
For example puzzles, maps, charts, videos, etc. In this class, students use a graphic organizer to map out the differences between facts and opinions.
-
- Musical: Learners understand and are sensitive to rhythm and sound.
- For example, music, speaking rhythmically, music, instruments, etc.
- Interpersonal Intelligence: In Interpersonal Intelligence, Learners understand people’s moods and intentions.
- Example: interacting with others, group activities, writing, etc.
- Linguistic: Learners understand words effectively.
- For Example, word games, reading, stories/poetry
- Logic mathematical: Learners understand the reasoning and calculating.
- For Example, logic games and puzzles, mysteries, experiments, etc
Hint
- Robert Sternberg proposed Triarchic theory of intelligence. In this theory, he defined intelligence into three parts - Practical, Analytical, and Creative.
Additional Information
| Theory of Intelligence | Propounders | Main Idea |
| Two-factor theory | Spearman |
According to his theory, intelligence consists of two factors: ‘g’ and ‘s’, where ‘g’ stands for generalized factor and ‘s’ stands for the specific factor. |
| Group factor theory | Thurstone |
The theory emphasizes that intelligence is not a general or specific factor but rather a combination of seven different primary mental abilities which include spatial, perceptual, numerical, verbal, etc. |
| Theory of Fluid & Crystallized Intelligence | Cattle |
R.B. Cattle has propounded the Theory of Fluid & Crystallized Intelligence. He proposed that general intelligence is composed of two factors - that are distinct but correlated. |