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Below are given two sets in which Set I gives the named theory of Intelligence which set II indicated their main proponents and contentions associated with the theory. Match the two sets. Set I (Theory of Intelligence) Set II (The main proponents and contentions) (a) Multiple Factor Theory (i) Sternberg, intelligence can be taught and the classroom is the logical place to teach it. (b) Theory of Multiple Intelligence (ii) Cattell, intelligence is neither completely monarchic, nor oligarchic nor anarchic. (c) Theory of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence (iii) Thurstone, intelligence is oligarchic in nature. (d) Coping Theory of Intelligence (iv) Gardner, intelligence is a capacity with component processes and should not be confused with a learning or cognitive style.   Choose correct answer from following.

Below are given two sets in which Set I gives the named theory of Intelligence which set II indicated their main proponents and contentions associated with the theory. Match the two sets. Set I (Theory of Intelligence) Set II (The main proponents and contentions) (a) Multiple Factor Theory (i) Sternberg, intelligence can be taught and the classroom is the logical place to teach it. (b) Theory of Multiple Intelligence (ii) Cattell, intelligence is neither completely monarchic, nor oligarchic nor anarchic. (c) Theory of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence (iii) Thurstone, intelligence is oligarchic in nature. (d) Coping Theory of Intelligence (iv) Gardner, intelligence is a capacity with component processes and should not be confused with a learning or cognitive style.   Choose correct answer from following. Correct Answer (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

Intelligence has been defined as the sum total of everything you know, as the ability to learn or profit from experience, as the ability to solve problems, or as the ability to cope with the demands of the environment.

The following are the theories of intelligence given by various psychologists:

Set I

(Theory of Intelligence)

Set II

(The main proponents and contentions)

(a) Multiple Factor Theory
  • Louis Leon Thurstone (29 May 1887 – 30 September 1955) suggested that intelligence is a composite of seven distinct primary mental abilities (PMA).
  • Thurstone (1935) pointed out that intelligence consists of a number of primary mental abilities (i.e oligarchic). 
  • Using improved statistical techniques he developed a new factor model of intelligence.
  • He analyzed the inter-correlation of the scores of 57 tests on a large group subject and identified seven factors.
  • These factors were called primary mental abilities or PMA.

(b) Theory of Multiple Intelligence
  • According to Gardner (1999), intelligence is much more than IQ as high IQ in the absence of productivity does not equate to intelligence.
  • He views intelligence as a capacity with component processes of inteligence and should not be confused with a learning or cognitive style.
  • Gardner views each individual as a unique combination of various intelligence, hence we cannot say that one is more intelligent and another is less intelligent.
  • For instance, one type of intelligence highly valued in a particular society may be of little significance in another.

(c) Theory of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence
  • Raymond Cattell (March 20, 1905 - February 2, 1998) is a British psychologist who proposed that two types of intelligence constitute the g (Cattell, 1971).
  • These are fluid intelligence (gf) and crystallized intelligence (gc).
  • According to Cattell intelligence is neither completely monarchic, nor oligarchic nor anarchic.

(d) Coping Theory of Intelligence
  • The triarchic theory of intelligence developed by Sternberg is “a comprehensive theory because it takes into account social and contextual factors apart from human abilities” i.e intelligence can be taught and the classroom is the logical place to teach it.
  •  According to Sternberg, a complete explanation of intelligence entails the interaction of Componential Subtheory, Experiential Subtheory, and Contextual  Subtheory.

Hence, the correct sequence is (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i).

Related Questions

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P: Others, however, will engage themselves to teach as well as to learn.
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The Proper sequence should be:
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