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Type-I superconductors are also called soft superconductors because

Type-I superconductors are also called soft superconductors because Correct Answer Type-I superconductors suddenly lose superconducting state above certain critical value of magnetic field.

Correct option-1

Concept:

  • Superconductors are the materials which when cooled below a certain temperature offer zero electrical resistivity and show perfect diamagnetism.
  • Perfect diamagnetism means induced magnetic field cancels exactly the applied magnetic field.
  • This exclusion of magnetic flux from the interior of a superconductor is called the Meissner effect.
  • The temperature below which the superconductor shows perfect diamagnetism is called transition or critical temperature denoted by TC.

  • Type-I superconductors
    • The ​superconductors in which the magnetic field is totally excluded from the interior of superconductors below critical temperature TC.
    • They make the transition from normal to the superconducting state below a certain magnetizing field called critical field strength HC.
    • They have a very low value of critical field strength HC.
    • They do show the complete Meissner effect.
    • Examples: Tin, mercury, lead, etc.

 

  • Type-II superconductors
    • The superconductors in which the material loses magnetization gradually rather than suddenly at critical field strength HC. Therefore Type-II superconductors are also called hard superconductors
    • They have a slightly high value of critical field strength HC.
    • They do not show the complete Meissner effect.
    • They have two critical fields called lower and upper critical fields respectively, HC1 and HC2.
    • Below HC1 the Type-II superconductors completely exclude the magnetic field.
    • At HC2 the magnetization vanishes and Type-II superconductors make the transition from the superconducting to the normal state.
    • Examples: Niobium-tin, Niobium-titanium, etc.

 

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