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In a question below is given a statement followed by two inferences. Inference are logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true. You have to decide which inference can be formed from the given statement. Statement: Among the salaried people in a city, 40% of private sector employees are male members whereas 60% of population in the city is working in a private sector and 40% of government sector employees are females. Inference: I) Number of men working in private sector is equal to number of men working in government sector. Inference: II) Population of working women in the city is 60% of the total salaried population.
"All people who live in Varanasi are people who drink tea, and all people who drink tea are people who like it. We may conclude, then, that all people who live in Varanasi are people who like it. What is wrong with this argument? (A) There is equivocation on the term "People who like it." (B) It commits existential fallacy  (C) It commits fallacy of exclusive premises.  (D) It commits fallacy of four terms.  Choose the correct answer from the options given below : 
Given below are two statements :  Statement I : According to Classical Indian Logic the fallacies (hetva̅bhasa) are not errors of inference, but rather hindrances to inference.  Statement II : A fallacy is really a "seeming reason or mark" (hetva̅bhasa), which, if recognized, would prevent the inferential cognition from arising.  In the light of the above statements, Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
The question below consists of a set of labelled sentences. These sentences, when properly sequenced form a coherent paragraph. Select the most logical order of sentences from among the options. P: These are the only two paths available to him. Q: All humans are bestowed with a conscience that helps us discriminate between good and bad, eternal and non-eternal. R: Although all living species are involved in sleeping, mating, defending and eating, only humans as far as we know-can think and decide what is eternally beneficial to them. S: Based on this special quality a human can decide whether he wants to tread the path of eternal welfare or sensual enjoyment.
Vyapti means
1. neric of an inference
2. invariable concomitance
3. existential fallacy
4. referrent fallacy
Select the correct answer:
Given below are two statements: Statement I: “Every thinkable is nameable. because it is thinkable”. This is a fallacious argument because there can be no inference where the minor and the middle terms are the same. Statement II: The fallacy committed in this statement is called the extra-ordinary (asa̅dha̅rana) because the middle term does not belong to anything other than the present minor term. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
"Planets are big. Therefore. the atoms from which they are made are big". This inference commits which kind of fallacy? 
According to Nyāya the argument - 'Sound is eternal because it is produced' commits, which of the following fallacy?
"The hill is fiery because it possesses blue smoke". This inference according to Nyaya commits the fallacy of
All the forms of matter except gases emit electromagnetic radiation continuously. The gases which electrically or thermally excited emit a certain wavelength only, then which of the following is/are true about the process (i) The spacing between the atoms in the other forms of matter is high than in gas (ii) The spacing between the atoms in gases is high than the other forms of matter (iii) The energy of the emitted radiation depends on the spacing between the atoms (iv) The wavelength of the emitted radiation depends on the spacing between the atoms