Callus formation from mature tissue explant occurs through

Which of the following would result in somaclonal variation in micropropagated plants?
P. Propagation by axillary branching in the absence of plant growth regulators.
Q. Cell suspension maintained for five years before induction of somatic embryogenesis.
R. Callus induction using 20 μM 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid followed by shoot organogenesis.
S. Shoot organogenesis from an explant in the absence of an intermediate callus phase.

A

P, Q

B

Q, R

C

P, S

D

Q, S

Reorganize the following steps that happen during fracture healing. i. Weight bearing – Cartilageous callus formation ii. Weight bearing – Granular tissue formation iii. Remodeling to original bone contour iv. Lamellar bone deposition v. Formation of blood clot and inflammation

A

i, ii, iv, v, iii

B

iv, iii, i, ii, v

C

v, i, iii, iv, ii

D

v, ii, i, iv, iii

Consider the following statements regarding Tissue culture. 1. The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell/explant is called micropropagation. 2. The method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture is called totipotency. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A

1 only

B

2 only

C

Both 1 and 2

D

Neither 1 nor 2

Forest fires feed on decades-long accumulations of debris and leap from the tops of young trees into the branches of mature trees. Fires that jump from treetop to treetop can be devastating. In old-growth forests, however, the shade of mature trees keeps thickets of small trees from sprouting, and the lower branches of mature trees are too high to catch the flames. This paragraph best supports the statement that

A

forest fire damage is reduced in old-growth forests.

B

small trees should be cut down to prevent forest fires.

C

mature trees should be thinned out to prevent forest fires

D

forest fires do the most damage in old-growth forests.

E

old-growth forests have a larger accumulation of forest debris.

Forest fires feed on decades-long accumulations of debris and leap from the tops of young trees into the branches of mature trees. Fires that jump from treetop to treetop can be devastating. In old-growth forests, however, the shade of mature trees keeps thickets of small trees from sprouting, and the lower branches of mature trees are too high to catch the flames.
This paragraph best supports the statement that

A

forest fire damage is reduced in old-growth forests.

B

small trees should be cut down to prevent forest fires.

C

mature trees should be thinned out to prevent forest fires

D

forest fires do the most damage in old-growth forests.

E

old-growth forests have a larger accumulation of forest debris.

In the history of plant tissue culture, the first tissue to be cultured as a callus came from hybrid

A

Wheat plant

B

Tobacco plant

C

Maize plant

D

Rice plant

Which of the following processes lead to formation of callus in plant tissue culture carried out in a laboratory?

A

No differentiation

B

Dedifferentiation

C

Differentiation

D

Redifferentiation

Callus tissue is derived from ________

A

Trunk

B

Root

C

Leaf

D

Seed

Increase amount of auxin in callus culture will promote which part of the plant tissue?

A

Multilayer tissues

B

Meristem

C

Shoot

D

Root

Development of adventitious organs in the callus tissue is called

A

Embryogenesis

B

Organogenesis

C

Megasporogenesis

D

Sporogenesis

Callus formation from mature tissue explant occurs through

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