The depth of footing for an isolated column is governed by<br>i) maximum bending moment<br>ii) shear force<br>iii) punching shear <br>The correct answer is

If q is the punching shear resistance per unit area a, is the side of a square footing for a column of side b, carrying a weight W including the weight of the footing, the depth (D) of the footing from punching shear consideration, is

A

$${\text{D}} = \frac{{{\text{W}}\left( {{\text{a}} - {\text{b}}} \right)}}{{4{{\text{a}}^2}{\text{bq}}}}$$

B

$${\text{D}} = \frac{{{\text{W}}\left( {{{\text{a}}^2} - {{\text{b}}^2}} \right)}}{{4{{\text{a}}^2}{\text{bq}}}}$$

C

$${\text{D}} = \frac{{{\text{W}}\left( {{{\text{a}}^2} - {{\text{b}}^2}} \right)}}{{8{{\text{a}}^2}{\text{bq}}}}$$

D

$${\text{D}} = \frac{{{\text{W}}\left( {{{\text{a}}^2} - {{\text{b}}^2}} \right)}}{{4{\text{abq}}}}$$

The depth of footing for an isolated column is governed byi) maximum bending momentii) shear forceiii) punching shear The correct answer is

A

only (i)

B

(i) and (ii)

C

(i) and (iii)

D

(i), (ii) and (iii)

Match the conditions under which the given type of footing is used: a. Combined footing I. For two or more columns b. Mat foundation II. For isolated or group of columns c. Pile foundation III. For individual column d. Isolated footing IV. For supporting all columns of structure

A

a – II, b - III, c - IV, d - I

B

a - I, b - IV, c - II, d - III

C

a - II, b - I, c - III, d - IV

D

a - II, b - IV, c - I, d - III

Consider the following statements: 1. According to Terzaghi’s, a foundation is shallow if its depth is equal to or less than its width. 2. Spread footing, strap footing and raft footing are types of shallow foundations. 3. Combined footing may be trapezoidal if the two columns carry unequal loads; and rectangular if both columns carry equal loads. 4. For water tanks, providing raft foundations will avoid unequal settlements. Which of the above statements are correct?

A

1, 2, 3 and 4

B

1, 2 and 3 only

C

1, 2 and 4 only

D

3 and 4 only

Consider the following Column A and Column B in which the names of microorganisms are given in Column A and the groups to which they belong are given in Column B: Column A Column B (a) Aspergillus (i) Algae (b) Lactobacillus (ii) Bacteria (c) Paramecium (iii) Fungi (d) Spirogyra (iv) Protozoa (v) Virus The correct match of the items of Column A with that of Column B is

A

a - iii, b - ii, c - iv, d - v

B

a - ii, b - iii, c - iv, d - i

C

a - iii, b - ii, c - iv, d - i

D

a - v, b - iii, c - ii, d - iv

Match the following in Column X with Column Y: Column X Column Y P. In a triaxial compression test, with increase of axial strain in loose sand under drained shear condition, the volumetric strain I. decreases Q. In a triaxial compression test, with increase of axial strain in loose sand under undrained shear condition, the excess pore water pressure II. Increase R. In a triaxial compression test, the pore pressure parameter “B” for a saturated soil III. remains same S. For shallow strip footing in pure saturated clay, Terzaghi’s bearing capacity factor (Nq) due to surcharge IV. is always 0.0. V. is always 1.0. VI. is always 0.5. Which one of the following combinations is correct?

A

(P)-(I), (Q)-(II), (R)-(V), (S)-(V)

B

(P)-(II), (Q)-(I), (R)-(IV), (S)-(V)

C

(P)-(I), (Q)-(III), (R)-(VI), (S)-(IV)

D

(P)-(I), (Q)-(II), (R)-(V), (S)-(VI)

Based on punching shear consideration, the overall depth of a combined footing under a column A, is

A

$$\frac{{{\text{Area of the column A}} \times {\text{Safe punching stress}}}}{{{\text{Load on column A}}}}$$

B

$$\frac{{{\text{Perimeter of column A}} \times {\text{Safe punching stress}}}}{{{\text{Load on column A}} + {\text{Upward pressure}} \times {\text{Area of column}}}}$$

C

$$\frac{{{\text{Perimeter of column A}} \times {\text{Safe punching stress}}}}{{{\text{Load on column A}} \times {\text{Upward pressure}} \times {\text{Area of column}}}}$$

D

None of these

Consider the following statements for Euler’s equation to find the critical load of a column : 1. Critical load of a column is proportional to the flexural rigidity. 2. Critical load of a column depends upon yield stress. 3. Critical load of a column is inversely proportional to the length of the column. 4. Critical load of a column is inversely proportional to the square of the length of the column. Which of the above statements are correct?

A

1 and 2 only

B

1 and 4 only

C

2 and 3 only

D

2 and 4 only

In the following question, two columns are given containing three phrases each. In the first column phrases are A, B, and C and in the second column, the phrases are D, E, and F. A phrase from the first column may or may not connect with phrase from the second column to make grammatically and contextually correct sentence. There are five options, four of which display the sequence(s) in which the phrases can be joined to form a grammatically and contextually correct sentence. If none of the options forms a correct sentence after combination, select ‘None of these’ as your answer. Column 1 Column 2 A. Scientists who systematically eavesdropped on bat roosts in Costa Rica have discovered D. they do not act on their climate promises, and it now seems the UK is in her sights. B. The team has spent six years developing a completely new way of collecting the signal E. combine all the data into images that are not only of enormous scientific interest and also of great beauty. C. The Swedish activist has a reputation for calling out world leaders when F. that baby-bat babbling bears a striking resemblance to that of human infants.

A

A-F, C-D

B

B-F, C-E

C

B-E, C-F

D

A-F, B-E, C-D

E

None of these

In the following question, two columns are given containing three phrases each. In the first column phrases are A, B, and C and in the second column, the phrases are D, E, and F. A phrase from the first column may or may not connect with phrase from the second column to make grammatically and contextually correct sentence. There are five options, four of which display the sequence(s) in which the phrases can be joined to form a grammatically and contextually correct sentence. If none of the options forms a correct sentence after combination, select ‘None of these’ as your answer. Column 1 Column 2 A. Coal is the world's most harmful fuel and ending its use is seen as a necessary step by environmentalists D. while the text is endorsed quickly by the world leaders who were determined to respond strongly to the incident. B. The UN health agency has consistently called for vaccines to be distributed evenly around the world E. even though a guarantee by rich countries to deliver on previous promises to help poorer nations cope with climate change. C. Vultures not only keep our environment free of F. carcasses but help control outbreaks of several diseases.

A

A - E, B - D

B

B - D, C - F

C

A - D, B - E

D

A - E, B - D, C - F

E

None of these

The depth of footing for an isolated column is governed by
i) maximum bending moment
ii) shear force
iii) punching shear
The correct answer is

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