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Consider the following statements: 1. According to Terzaghi’s, a foundation is shallow if its depth is equal to or less than its width. 2. Spread footing, strap footing and raft footing are types of shallow foundations. 3. Combined footing may be trapezoidal if the two columns carry unequal loads; and rectangular if both columns carry equal loads. 4. For water tanks, providing raft foundations will avoid unequal settlements. Which of the above statements are correct?

Consider the following statements: 1. According to Terzaghi’s, a foundation is shallow if its depth is equal to or less than its width. 2. Spread footing, strap footing and raft footing are types of shallow foundations. 3. Combined footing may be trapezoidal if the two columns carry unequal loads; and rectangular if both columns carry equal loads. 4. For water tanks, providing raft foundations will avoid unequal settlements. Which of the above statements are correct? Correct Answer 1, 2, 3 and 4

Statement I & II-True

As per Terzaghi’s, if depth is equal to or less than its width, then foundation is said to be shallow otherwise its deep foundation.

Examples of Shallow Foundation

Examples of Deep Foundations

Isolated  footing (Square, Strip, Circular)

Combined footing

Strap Footing

Raft Foundation

Spread footing

Pile Foundations

Well or Caisson Foundation

 

 

 

Statement III- True

Shape of Combined Footing

Conditions

When to Use

Rectangular

Columns Carry equal Loads.

When only one projection of footing is restricted i.e. either length or width of footing limited.

Trapezoidal

Space Limitation and when on column carry more load than that of other column Columns i.e. Carry unequal loads.

Both projections of footing beyond the faces of the columns are restricted i.e. both length and width of footing is limited.

 

Statement- IV- True

Water tanks foundations carry heavy loads and high safety level is required for its construction, hence its foundation is designed as raft foundation where settlement occurred is uniform. 

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