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Which of the following statements is false with regard to Einstein's special theory of relativity?

Which of the following statements is false with regard to Einstein's special theory of relativity? Correct Answer A particle or an entity which is the carrier of energy and has a mass that can travel at a speed which is greater than the speed of light in vacuum.

CONCEPT:

​The special theory of relativity: 

  • Special relativity is a theory of the structure of space-time. 
  • The special theory of relativity is put forward by Albert Einstein.
  • According to this theory, all the physical laws should be the same in the inertial frame of reference(non-accelerated or frame which is at rest or under uniform motion known as an inertial frame of reference). 
  • The second postulate of this theory is the speed of light c is a constant, independent of relative motion of the source.

         (c = 3 x 108 m/s)

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  • The frame of reference: If we are observing any moving body or anybody at rest with respect to any moving object or from any object at rest then the object is called a frame of reference.


There are two types of frame of reference:

  • Inertial frame of reference: The frame of reference having zero acceleration is called the Inertial frame of reference.
    • This frame of reference will be either in rest or will be moving with a constant velocity.
    • Newton’s law is valid in this frame of reference.
  • The non-inertial frame of reference: The frame of reference having non-zero acceleration is called a non-inertial frame of reference.
    • Newton’s law is not valid in this frame of reference.
    • For example: If we are observing an object from a freely falling object then this will be a non-inertial frame of reference because the freely falling body has some acceleration.

EXPLANATION:

  • From above it is clear that all laws related to physical phenomena are the same in different inertial reference frames. Therefore option 1 is correct.
  • The speed of light c is a constant, independent of relative motion of the source i.e., (c = 3 x 108 m/s). Therefore option 2 is correct.
  • From above it is clear that, the speed of light has the same value in every type of inertial reference frame. Therefore option 3 is correct.
  • No particle which carries energy and has a mass that can travel at the speed of light. Therefore option 4 is incorrect.

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