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All mortals are men. Socrates is mortal Therefore Socrates is a man. Which of the following statements are true of the above argument? (A) Above arguments is sound. (B) Above argument is valid. (C) Above argument is fallacious. (D) Above argument commits the fallacy of undistributed middle. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

All mortals are men. Socrates is mortal Therefore Socrates is a man. Which of the following statements are true of the above argument? (A) Above arguments is sound. (B) Above argument is valid. (C) Above argument is fallacious. (D) Above argument commits the fallacy of undistributed middle. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: Correct Answer <span style="">Only </span>(C) and (D) are correct

Fallacies are common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument. Fallacies can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant points and are often identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim.

Key Points

All mortals are men, Socrates is mortal and therefore Socrates is a man- is the given argument. 
  • Here man is the middle term which is the reason but not the valid reason.
  • The middle term (mortal) is undistributed. Thus there is no idea which links the two premises; together they cannot add up to any broader conclusion.
  • A fallacy occurs when the middle term appears to be the reason but it is not a valid reason.
  • So, we can say that the above argument is fallacious and undistributed middle.

Additional Information

  • From the definition of the soundness of an argument, it needs to be valid and the premises need to be true.
  • Being mortal is a necessary condition of being human. But being mortal is not a sufficient condition for being human (all other animals are mortal as well).
  • This argument has all true premises (and a true conclusion) but it is invalid. So it is not sound."

Related Questions

If 'All men are mortal' is given as True, then which of the following options can be validly inferred from it? A. 'No men is mortal' is False B. 'Some men are mortal' is True C. 'Some men are not mortal' is True D. 'Some men are not mortal' is False E. 'Some men are mortal' is False Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
Match List I with List II List I List II Typical Aristotelian syllogism  Technical names in  Nyaya Philosophy  A. Socrates in mortal  I. Nigamana  B. Because he is a man  II. Upanaya  C. Whoever is a man, is mortal  e.g. Pythagoras  III. Udaharan  D. Socrates is a man who is  invariably a mortal  IV. Hetu  E. Therefore Socrates is mortal  V. Pratijna Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
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1. Some non-mortals are not non-men.
2. No non-men are non-mortal.
3. Some non-mortal are men.
Out of these statements
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2. A sound argument must be valid.
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Identify which type of argument is this
All men are mortal
Socrates is a man
∴ Socrates is mortal