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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

Which cell evokes allergic reactions and inflammation?

Which cell evokes allergic reactions and inflammation? Correct Answer Mast cell

Concept:

  • A mast cell is a migrant cell of connective tissue that contains many granules rich in histamine and heparin. Specifically, it is a type of granulocyte derived from the myeloid stem cell that mast cells are responsible for allergic reactions and inflammation.

Explanation:

  • When mast cells are activated by an allergen that binds to serum IgE attached to their FcɛRI receptors, they release cytokines, histamine, heparin and growth factors and causes allergic reactions and inflammation.
  • An allergy is an exaggerated reaction by the immune system in response to exposure to certain foreign substances.
  • Inflammation is the response of the immune system to the affected tissue by recruiting many cells to kill the disease-causing microbes, it causes redness, warmth, swelling.
  • Blast Cells refer to myeloblasts or myeloid blasts. These are the very earliest and most immature cells of the myeloid cell line.
  • Stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and that have the capacity to self-renew and to generate multiple mature cell types.

So,  Mast cells are responsible for allergic reactions and inflammation.

Additional Information

  • Mast cells were discovered by Paul Ehrlich.
  • Mast cells derive from the bone marrow and are released into the blood as mast cell progenitors and do not fully mature until they are recruited into the tissue where they undergo their terminal differentiation.

Important cells of the Immune System

B-Cells These lymphocytes arise in the bone marrow and differentiate into plasma cells which in turn produce immunoglobulin (antibodies).
Cytotoxic T-cells These lymphocytes mature in the thymus and are responsible for killing infected cells.
Helper T-cells These specialized lymphocytes “help” other T-cells and B-cells to perform their functions.
Immunoglobulins These highly specialized protein molecules, also known as antibodies, combat with foreign antigens.
Neutrophils A type of cell found in the bloodstream that rapidly ingests microorganisms and kills them.
Monocytes A type of phagocytic cell found in the bloodstream which develops into a macrophage when it migrates to tissues.
Dendritic Cells Important cells in presenting antigen to immune system cells.

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