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Which of the following is the correct match based on the application of diodes? (considering general trends) (a) Zener diode -- Reverse biased (b) Photodiode - Forward biased (c) Half wave Rectifier - Both Forward and reversed biased

Which of the following is the correct match based on the application of diodes? (considering general trends) (a) Zener diode -- Reverse biased (b) Photodiode - Forward biased (c) Half wave Rectifier - Both Forward and reversed biased Correct Answer (a), (c)

CONCEPT:

  • Semiconductor diode: A semiconductor diode is formed by the junction of a p-type and n-type semiconductor. 

Symbol of the diode:

  • A diode is forward biased when the p side or anode side is connected with the positive terminal of the battery and the negative terminal of the battery is connected with the cathode or the n side of the diode.
  • A diode is reverse biased when the p side or anode side is connected with the negative terminal of the battery and the positive terminal of the battery is connected with the cathode or n side of the diode.

 

  • In forward biased, current flow is normal as any circuit. Current flows from the positive to the negative terminal.
  • In reverse biased, very little saturation current flows until the breakdown voltage is obtained. After that huge current flows in the reverse direction.

  • Half-wave Rectifier: A half-wave rectifier converts AC into DC.
    • The current flows only in forward biased for the ideal diode.
    • In AC current polarities change at each cycle. So, for the first cycle, the current will flow when the diode is forward biassed, and in another cycle, the current will not flow. Thus current with only one polarity is obtained.

 

  • Zener diode: The Zener diode is used for voltage regulations. In a reverse-biased diode, when the breakdown voltage is obtained, at a very minimal change in voltage huge current is obtained. Thus, voltage regulation can happen. 

  • Photodiode: The photodiode is generally a reverse-biased diode. When a ray of light falls on the diode it excites electrons and reverses saturation current flows. 

​EXPLANATION:

So, from the above concept, it is clear that the Zener diode is reverse biased, the photodiode is reverse biased, and the rectifier is both forward and reverses biased.

So, Statment (a) and (c) is correct and statement (b) is incorrect.

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