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Consider the following statements regarding welded and riveted joints 1. Welded assemblies are tight and leak proof as compared with riveted assemblies. 2. Single-welded V-joint is less reliable than square butt joint. 3. Welding results in a thermal distortion of the parts, thereby inducing residual stresses. Which of the above statements is/are correct ?

Consider the following statements regarding welded and riveted joints 1. Welded assemblies are tight and leak proof as compared with riveted assemblies. 2. Single-welded V-joint is less reliable than square butt joint. 3. Welding results in a thermal distortion of the parts, thereby inducing residual stresses. Which of the above statements is/are correct ? Correct Answer 1 and 3 only

Explanation:

Welded joints offer the following advantages compared with riveted joints:

(i) Riveted joints require additional cover plates, gusset plates, straps, clip angles and a large number of rivets, which increase the weight. Since there are no such additional parts, welded assembly results in lightweight construction. Welded steel structures are lighter than the corresponding iron castings by 50% and steel castings by 30%.

(ii) Due to the elimination of these components, the cost of welded assembly is lower than that of riveted joints.

(iii) The design of welded assemblies can be easily and economically modified to meet the changing product requirements. Alterations and additions can be easily made in the existing structure by welding.

(iv) Welded assemblies are tight and leakproof as compared with riveted assemblies.

(v) The production time is less for welded assemblies.

(vi) When two parts are joined by the riveting method, holes are drilled in the parts to accommodate the rivets. The holes reduce the cross-sectional area of the members and result in stress concentration. There is no such problem with welded connections.

(vii) A welded structure has a smooth and pleasant appearance. The projection of the rivet head adversely affects the appearance of the riveted structure.

(viii) The strength of the welded joint is high. Very often, the strength of the weld is more than the strength of the plates that are joined together.

(ix) Machine components of certain shapes, such as circular steel pipes, find difficulty in riveting. However, they can be easily welded.

Welded joints have the following disadvantages:

(i) As compared with cast iron structures, the capacity of the welded structure to damp vibrations is poor.

(ii) Welding results in a thermal distortion of the parts, thereby inducing residual stresses. In many cases, stress-relieving heat treatment is required to relieve residual stresses. Riveted or cast structures do not require such stress-relieving treatment.

(iii) The quality and the strength of the welded joint depend upon the skill of the welder. It is difficult to control the quality when a number of welders are involved.

(iv) The inspection of the welded joint is more specialized and costly compared with the inspection of riveted or cast structures.

Butt-joint:

In applications like pressure vessels, the reliability of the joint is an important consideration. A single welded V-joint is more reliable than a square butt joint. A single welded V-joint with a backing strip is more reliable than a single welded V-joint without a backing strip. A double welded V-joint is more reliable than a single welded V-joint with a backing strip.

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