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Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect? (i) Congestion-control protocols ensure that the sender cannot send data faster than the limit on which the receiver can receive the data. (ii) Flow-control protocols ensure that the sender cannot send data faster than the network can transmit data.

Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect? (i) Congestion-control protocols ensure that the sender cannot send data faster than the limit on which the receiver can receive the data. (ii) Flow-control protocols ensure that the sender cannot send data faster than the network can transmit data. Correct Answer both (i) and (ii)

Key Points

Option 1: Congestion-control protocols ensure that the sender cannot send data faster than the limit on which the receiver can receive the data.

False, TCP uses a congestion window in the sender side to do congestion avoidance. The congestion window indicates the maximum amount of data that can be sent out on a connection without being acknowledged. TCP detects congestion when it fails to receive an acknowledgment for a packet within the estimated timeout.

Option 2: Flow-control protocols ensure that the sender cannot send data faster than the network can transmit data.

False, Flow control is the process of managing the rate of data transmission between two nodes to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver. Flow control should be distinguished from congestion control, which is used for controlling the flow of data when congestion has actually occurred.

Hence the correct answer is both (i) and (ii).

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