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Consider the following statements: 1. When a soil sample is dried beyond its shrinkage limit, the volume of the soil slowly decrease 2. The plastic limit is always lower than the liquid limit for any type of soil 3. At the liquid limit, the soil behaves like a liquid and possesses no shear strength at all 4. When subjected to drying, the volume of the soil remains unchanged once the water content of the soil goes below its shrinkage limit Which of the above statements are correct? 

Consider the following statements: 1. When a soil sample is dried beyond its shrinkage limit, the volume of the soil slowly decrease 2. The plastic limit is always lower than the liquid limit for any type of soil 3. At the liquid limit, the soil behaves like a liquid and possesses no shear strength at all 4. When subjected to drying, the volume of the soil remains unchanged once the water content of the soil goes below its shrinkage limit Which of the above statements are correct?  Correct Answer 2 and 4 only

Concept:

Consistency of Soils:

The consistency of a fine-grained soil refers to its firmness, and it varies with the water content of the soil. Property of a soil which is manifested by its resistance to flow.

A gradual increase in water content causes the soil to change from solid to semi-solid to plastic to liquid states. The water contents at which the consistency changes from one state to the other are called consistency limits (or Atterberg limits).

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The three limits are known as the shrinkage limit (WS), plastic limit (WP), and liquid limit (WL) as shown. The values of these limits can be obtained from laboratory tests.

Two of these are utilised in the classification of fine soils:

Liquid limit (WL): The water content at which soil changes its consistency from plastic to liquid state.

Plastic limit (WP): The water content at which soil changes its consistency from brittle/crumbly to plastic state.

The difference between the liquid limit and the plastic limit is known as the plasticity index (IP), and it is in this range of water content that the soil has a plastic consistency. The consistency of most soils in the field will be plastic or semi-solid.

Explanation:

Statement 1:

  • As we can see in the above figure, the volume decreases as we move from liquid limit to the shrinkage limit. But beyond the shrinkage limit, the volume of soil remains constant.
  • Hence statement 1 is wrong.


Statement 2:

  • From the above figure we can see, for any type of soil WS < WP < WL
  • Hence statement 2 is correct.


Statement 3:

  • In the liquid state shear strength of the soil is zero.
  • But at the liquid limit state (WL) the soil has a small shear strength of 2.7 kPa and it is the same for all soils.
  • Hence statement 3 is wrong.


Statement 4:

  • As we can see in the above figure, the volume decreases as we move from liquid limit to the shrinkage limit, that is when the soil sample is dried. But beyond shrinkage limit, the volume of soil remains constant
  • Hence statement 4 is correct

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