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Study the following statements about the human excretory system. I. The waste materials dissolved in water are separated in the kidney as urine. II. Urine is stored in the bladder. It is passed out through the urethra, the other end of which is attached to the urinary aperture. III. Urine passes into the bladder through the urinary ducts. IV. Useful substances are reabsorbed into the blood. V. Blood containing both useful and harmful substances reaches the kidneys for filtration. The correct sequence of processes given in the above statements is:

Study the following statements about the human excretory system. I. The waste materials dissolved in water are separated in the kidney as urine. II. Urine is stored in the bladder. It is passed out through the urethra, the other end of which is attached to the urinary aperture. III. Urine passes into the bladder through the urinary ducts. IV. Useful substances are reabsorbed into the blood. V. Blood containing both useful and harmful substances reaches the kidneys for filtration. The correct sequence of processes given in the above statements is: Correct Answer V, IV, I, III, II

Concept:-

  • Excretory system: it removes waste from the body.
  • It consists of a pair of kidneys, pair of the uterus, urinary bladder, and a urethra.

Explanation:-

  • Urine formation:
    • About 1300ml of blood enters the kidneys every min.
    • Normal urinary output : 1- 1.5 L/day.

Process of urine formation:

1.Glomerular filtration:

  •  Blood is filtrated while passing through glomerular capillaries.
  • Water and small molecules easily pass, proteins can not pass.​

2. Selective reabsorption:

  •  Most reabsorption back into the peritubular capillaries through the tubules occurs in PCT e.g. water, electrolyte, and glucose.
  • filtrate enters the collecting ducts where water is reabsorbed.

3. Tubular secretion:

  •  Substance not required filtered out of the blood by peritubular capillaries into tubules.
  •  The waste materials dissolved in water are separated in the kidney as urine.
  • Urine passes into the bladder through the urinary ducts.

4. Excretion:

  • Urine is stored in the bladder.
  • It is passed out through the urethra,

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