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Which of the following strategies are effective for successful implementation inclusion of students with learning disabilities? (i) Use of multiple means of representations of content (ii) Promoting individualized educational planning as per the needs of students (iii) Promoting outcome-oriented goals instead of process-oriented learning (iv) Setting up same standards for all students and ignoring the diversity in class

Which of the following strategies are effective for successful implementation inclusion of students with learning disabilities? (i) Use of multiple means of representations of content (ii) Promoting individualized educational planning as per the needs of students (iii) Promoting outcome-oriented goals instead of process-oriented learning (iv) Setting up same standards for all students and ignoring the diversity in class Correct Answer (i), (ii)

Inclusive education means the education of all students, where all students are equal participants in the learning process. 

  • Inclusivity is maintained when all members of a group are able to participate in its activities, which means, the provisions made are considerate of all members and not just those from specific groups or, with special abilities, disabilities, and/or needs.
  • ​Inclusion implies a radical reform of the school in terms of conviction and philosophy followed by curriculum, assessment, pedagogy, grouping of pupils, and the school environment and ethos.
  • It is based on a value system that welcomes, respects, and celebrates diversity arising from gender, nationality, race, language of origin, social background, religion, class and caste, level of educational achievement, disability, etc.

Key Points

The teacher has a great role to play in creating a positive environment in the school. The inclusive classroom requires teaching-learning strategies that suit all students in the class including children with learning disabilities. Effective strategies for successful inclusion of students with learning disabilities:

Use multiple means of representations of content: 

  • The teacher needs to provide multiple means of representation to accommodate students’ different strengths in perception, language, and comprehension.
  • For example, providing alternatives for auditory and visual information; clarifying vocabulary and symbols; using multiple media; highlighting patterns and big ideas, and guiding information processing. 
  • Teachers should use multiple means at various levels of difficulty, as appropriate for the students in the class.

Promoting individualized educational planning as per the needs of students:

  • Development of an Individual Educational Plan (IEP) tailor made for a specific individual learner keeping in mind, his needs, and his special requirements.
  • With timely help, these children can get successfully integrated into the educational system. 

Thus, it is concluded that statements (i) and (ii)​ are correct strategies that are effective for the successful implementation of inclusion of students with learning disabilities.

Hint

  • ​Setting up the same standards for all students and ignoring the diversity in class: Inclusion is about equal opportunities for all pupils. Pupils should all be included regardless of their age, gender, ethnicity, attainment, and background. It gives attention and concentration to all pupils. The teacher must set up the same standards for every child but without ignoring diversity.
  • Promoting outcome-oriented goals instead of process-oriented learning: Process-oriented learning makes the learning effective rather than outcome-oriented goals. The student's focus should be on the learning and not on the performance.​

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