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Passage টি মূলত পরিবেশের একটি ইস্যু নিয়ে কথা বলেছে। জলবায়ু পরিবর্তনের কারণে নিম্নাঞ্চলের ও সমুদ্রতীরের মানুষ যে ক্ষতিকর প্রভাবের সম্মুখীন হবে, Passage টির প্রথম দিকে সেই বিষয়ে ইঙ্গিত দেয়া হয়েছে। এরপর এই জলবায়ু পরিবর্তনের কারণ নিয়ে বলা হয়েছে যে কার্বন-ডাই-অক্সাইড, মিথেন, ফ্লোরোকার্বন এবং নাইট্রাস অক্সাইড নামক এই ক্ষতিকর গ্যাসীয় উপাদানগুলোর মাধ্যমে জলবায়ুর পরিবর্তন হয়। এই সকল গ্যাসগুলো জলীয় বাষ্পের উপস্থিতিতে পৃথিবীতে আসা অবলোহিত রশ্মিকে ফিরে যেতে বাঁধা দেয়। ফলে পৃথিবীর তাপমাত্রা বেড়ে যায়। এরপর বলা হচ্ছে যে, এই গ্রীন হাউস গ্যাসগুলে৷ বায়ুমন্ডলে ৩০ বছর থেকে ১০০ বছর পর্যন্ত থাকে যার ফলে পৃথিবীর তাপমাত্রা ক্রমেই বেড়ে চলছে। তাছাড়া গাড়ি ও শিল্প কারখানা হতে নির্গত ধোঁয়া এই পরিস্থিতিকে আরো খারাপ করে তুলছে। বন নিধনের কারণে বায়ুর তাপমাত্রা আরো বেড়ে যাচ্ছে কারণ এই কার্বন-ডাই-অক্সাইডকে Absorb করার মতো কোন গাছ থাকছে না। আসুন এবার আমরা প্রশ্নের সমাধানে যাইঃ

a. Suitable title: "Green house gases and its lethal effects on earth."

b. Environmental refugees are people who are forced to leave their home region due to sudden or long term changes to their local environment.

c. Some people opines that man-made activities cause climate change but most of the environment-experts blame burning of fossil fuels to the climate change as fossil fuels emit greenhouse gases which are responsible for climate change.

d. Greenhouse gases hinders detrimental rays such as infrared ray which were radiated from the sun to go back into space. That means gases remain in the air which make the temperature Bidet warmer. This warmer temperature changes climate.

e. Trees have great virtue. They intake carbon-di-oxide releasing oxygen in the air. They absorb most of the carbon-di-oxide which are the crucial factor of climate change. So forestation can contribute a lot in decreasing the global worming.

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Blue economy means extraction of the resources of sea of the growth of an economy. Bangladesh has settled maritime boundary disputes with Myanmar in 2012 and with India in 2014 through an arbitral method. It is estimates that Bangladesh has acquired 118,813 square kilometres of the Bay of Bengal. It is estimated that resources from the sea of Bangladesh constitute 81 per cent of the resources existing in territory. Within the jurisdiction of Bangladesh, the sea is endowed with immense and precious natural resources, living and non-living. Besides fish and other living animals, Bangladesh could also have gas fields as it is reported that Mayanmar has discovered a large gas field on its area of the sea. We need to ecosystems of the seas which are reportedly being degraded at an unprecedented rate, and this is not a issue only for Bangladesh . It should be addressed in cooperation with other countries.
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Read the following carefully and answer the question that follow.Severe moral degradation is a crucial problem of mankind which is seriously affecting the peaceful and meaningful living of human beings. In society, morality is the main source of the heavenly qualities like love, affection, heavenly feelings, respect and appreciation for others. It is moral values and institutions which ensure establishment of social peace, order and justice. There is no denying the fact that morality is the best virtue of mankind at any individual, social and global level. Without having morality, effective, durable, democratic, socio-economic, administrative and judicial institution can never be dreamt of. Social ills and vices, in most cases, occur mainly due to human activities devoid of moral senses. So, it is necessary to develop moral awareness and conscience among the world's people irrespective of colour, caste, religion and nationality. Arranging seminars, symposium at different levels of society can mould and motivate the people to accelerate moral uplift from their respective families and social levels.Questions:a) What can't be expected without having morality? b) What is the main source of the heavenly qualities in a society?C) What happens due to human activities devoid of morality?d) How can the people be motivated to possess morality?e) Summarize the passage.
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Precis writing: Ericsson and his colleagues then compared amateur (অপেশাদার ক্রিড়াবিদ) pianists with professional pianists. The same pattern emerged. The amateurs never practiced more than about three hours a week over the course of their childhood, and by the age of twenty they had totaled two thousand hours of practice. The professionals, on the other hand, steadily increased their practice time every year, until by the age of twenty they, like the violinists (বেহালাবাদক), had reached ten thousand hours. The striking thing about Ericsson's study is that he and his colleagues couldn't find any “naturals” musicians who floated effortlessly to the top while practicing a fraction of the time their peers did Nor could they find any "grinds". people who worked harder than everyone else, yet just didn't have what it takes to break the top ranks. Their research suggests that once a musician has enough ability to get into a top music school, the thing that distinguishes (দু'টি জিনিসের মধ্যে পার্থক্য শোনা, দেখা, বোঝা) one performer from another is how hard he or she works. That's it. And what's more, the people a the very top don't work just harder or even much harder than everyone else. They work much, much harder.The idea that excellence at performing a complex task requires a critical minimum level of practice surfaces again and again in studies of expertise. In fact, researchers have settled on what they believe is the magic number for true expertise: ten thousand hours. The emerging picture from such studies is that ten thousand hours of practice is required to achieve the level of mastery associated with being a world- class expert-in anything, writes the neurologist Daniel Levitin. In a study after study, of composers, basketball players, fiction writers, ice skaters, concert pianists, chess players, master criminals, this number comes up again and again. Of course, this doesn't address why some people get more out of their practice sessions than others do. But no one has yet found a case in which true world-class expertise was accomplished in less time. It seems that it takes the brain this long to assimilate all that it needs to know to achieve true mastery.Instruction: Write a summary of the above passage with an appropriate title in the stipulated space. (Precis writing)
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Economic affluence and prosperity are likely to reduce the scope and necessity of social protest which is a common phenomenon in many of the developing nations. Though the proposition is not always true and failed to pass the test of time in many countries and many societies, governments in some developing countries nowadays strongly uphold the concept That's why they have concentrated their focuses, resources and efforts to economic growth to turn their countries affluent and prosperous. The growth-centrist or growth-obsessed drive towards prosperity mostly sidelines the distributive aspects which is a major factor of different social protests. Theoretically, social protest is defined as a form of political expression that seeks to bring about a social or political change by influencing the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of the public or the policies of an organization or institution. These protests generally take the form of overt public displays, demonstrations, civil disobedience and may also include covert activities like petitions, boycotts, lobbying, and even different poline activities. In today's world, online activities have become a popular form of social protest, thanks to proliferation of social media and other virtual platforms Social protest is also considered a strong tool to air the grievances and sometimes compel the government and relevant authorities to address the problems or fix the flaws. In Bangladesh, different kinds of social protests have been observed in last couple of years when economy registered an unrelenting growth Usually social protests mostly ended within a period of time and mostly never linger unless those are serious issues. Those who participate in the protests do not come for any revolutionary change overnight. They mostly want to draw the attention of the policy makers and authorities to rectify the defects within a reasonable time frame. (Translation English to Bengali)
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Globalization is very important in international relations. Basically it is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a border less market. But it has a far reaching effect on many aspects of life. With the development of high tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities, the world had come closer. We can now learn instantly what is happening in the farthest corner of the world and travel to any country in the shortest possible time, Countries in the world are like the families in a village. They can even share immediately come to its assistance. But taking advantages of the idea of globalization, capitalism seems to be on triumphant march. It is creating more opportunity for capitalist countries rather than for the developing ones. In the name of help and cooperation, the industrially developed capitalist countries are exploiting the cheap labor available in poorer countries. (Translation: English to Bangla)
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