Can it damage your laptop?

No, replacing keyboard keys (following the suggested steps in this article correctly) will not result in any damage to the laptop. However, the particular key's recoil mechanism can very easily be damaged during removal of the old key as well as during the reassembly of the new key. In particular, on the little plastic plate that functions as a rocker underneath every key (see manual images for reference). The tiny tabs that form the hinge points (also the tabs that interlock with the keyboard base plate), are extremely delicate and take very little force to snap off the bracket, leaving you with no other option than to accept the missing key or replace the entire keyboard.