Name a suitable technique of separation of the components from a mixture of calcium sulphate and camphor.
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The process of sublimation is used to separate a mixture of camphor and calcium sulphate. In this process, the sublimable compound changes from solid to vapour state without passing through the liquid state. Camphor is a sublimable compound and calcium sulphate is a non-sublimable solid. Hence, on heating, camphor will sublime while calcium sulphate will be left behind.
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A mixture of camphor and CaSO4 can be separated as:
(a) Camphor is sublimable but CaSO4 is not, therefore, sublimation of the mixture gives camphor on the sides of the funnel while CaSO4 is left in the china dish.
(b) Camphor is soluble in organic solvents like CHCl3, CCl4 etc. while CaSO4 is not. Therefore, when the mixture is shaken with the solvent, camphor goes into the solution while CaSO4 remains as residue. It is filtered and evaporation of the solvent gives camphor.
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Calcium sulphate (CaSO4) which is an inorganic compound and does not sublime can be separated from camphor which is an organic compound and sublimes by the simple technique of sublimation. Sublimation involves the direct conversion of a solid into gaseous state on heating without passing through the intervening liquid state and vice-versa on cooling. Camphor sublimes and gets deposited on the walls of the cooler portion of the funnel and CaSO4 remains as such. The two components can thus be separated.
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