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Option 2 : 2002
The correct answer is 2002.
- The 11th fundamental duty was added to the Constitution of India, by the 86th Constitutional Amendment.
- The Indian Constitution formulated Article 51A under Part IVA in the 42nd Amendment in the year 1946 completely dedicated to the Fundamental Duties of the citizens.
- Article 51A lays down all the Fundamental Duties that a citizen should obey and perform in order to thrive towards achieving the welfare of a democratic nation.
- 11 Fundamental Duties:
- To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
- To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
- To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
- To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
- To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
- To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
- To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.
- To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
- To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
- To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
- Who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years (86th Amendment).
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