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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

  1. Mantoux test
  2. Ultrasonography
  3. Fine needle aspiration cytology
  4. Pap smear
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1 Answers

Option 4 : Pap smear

CONCEPT:-

  • Cervical Cancer is a disease in which cells in the body grow out of control within the cervix. 
  • All women are at risk for cervical cancer. It occurs most often in women over age 30.
  • Screening tests and the HPV vaccine can help prevent cervical cancer. When cervical cancer is found early, it is highly treatable and associated with long survival and good quality of life.

EXPLANATION:-

  • PAP SMEAR:-
  • The Pap test (also called a Pap smear or cervical cytology) collects cervical cells and looks at them for changes caused by HPV that may leave untreated and turn into cervical cancer.
  • It can also detect cervical cancer cells. A Pap test also sometimes finds conditions that are not cancer, such as infection or inflammation.
  • Normal Pap test results: A normal test result may also be called a negative test result or negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy. If only the Pap test was done, you should have the next test in 3 years. If the Pap test was done together with an HPV test (this is called a Pap/HPV co-test), you can have the next test in 5 years. You may need to come back sooner if you had abnormal results in the past.
  • Abnormal Pap test results: An abnormal test result may also be called a positive test result. An abnormal test result does not mean you have cervical cancer. Possible abnormal findings on a Pap test include ASC-US, AGC, LSIL, ASC-H, HSIL, AIS, or cervical cancer. Your health care provider will recommend follow-up steps you need to take based on your specific test result and your past test results.
  • Unsatisfactory Pap test results: The lab sample may not have had enough cells, or the cells may have been clumped together or hidden by blood or mucus. Your health care provider will usually ask you to come in for another screening test in 2 to 4 months.  

 

PREVENTIONS AGAINST CERVIX CANCER INCLUDE:-

  • HPV vaccination.
  • time to time screening ( PAP smear ) for all women aged above 30yrs as a routine checkup.

Mantoux test :- The Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) is the test to diagnose Mycobacterium Tuberculin ( TB ) .

Ultrasonography:- A procedure that uses high-energy sound waves to look at tissues and organs inside the body. The sound waves make echoes that form pictures of the tissues and organs on a computer screen (sonogram). Ultrasonography may be used to help diagnose diseases, such as cancer.

Fine needle aspiration cytology:- Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a type of biopsy procedure. In fine needle aspiration, a thin needle is inserted into an area of abnormal-appearing tissue or body fluid. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) entails using a narrow gauge (25-22G) needle to collect a sample of a lesion for microscopic examination.

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