1 Answers
Option 4 : (A), (B) and (D) only
Among the given statements regarding Gandhi's concept of Satyagraha only (A), (B) and (D) are correct.
- Mahatma Gandhi evolved the technique of Satyagraha during his stay in South Africa.
- It was based on truth and non-violence.
Some of the basic tenets of Gandhi's concept of Satyagraha are:
- A satyagrahi was not to submit to what he considered as wrong, but was to always remain truthful, non-violent and fearless.
- For Gandhi, Satyagraha aimed to penetrate the barriers of prejudice, ill-will, dogmatism, self-righteousness and selfishness.
- Gandhi explained the effectiveness of Satyagraha in terms of the spiritual impact of suffering love
- A satyagrahi works on the principles of withdrawal of cooperation and boycott.
- Methods of satyagraha include non-payment of taxes, and declining honours and positions of authority.
- A satyagrahi should be ready to accept suffering in his struggle against the wrong-doer. This suffering was to be a part of his love for truth.
- Even while carrying out his struggle against the wrong-doer, a true satyagrahi would have no ill feeling for the wrong-doer; hatred would be alien to his nature.
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The doctrine of satyagraha propounds vindication of truth not by infliction of suffering or humiliation on the opponent but on oneself.
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A true satyagrahi would never bow before the evil, whatever the consequence.
- Only the brave and strong could practice satyagraha; it was not for the weak and cowardly. Even violence was preferred to cowardice. Thought was never to be separated from practice. In other words, ends could not justify the means.
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Gandhi's political realism triumphed over his moral idealism and despite its claims to the contrary, his Satyagrahas were not always purely spiritual in nature.
Based on the above discussion, we can conclude that the following statements regarding Gandhi's concept of Satyagraha are correct:
(A) For Gandhi, Satyagraha aimed to penetrate the barriers of prejudice, ill-will, dogmatism, self-righteousness and selfishness
(B) Gandhi explained the effectiveness of Satyagraha in terms of the spiritual impact of suffering love
(D) Gandhi's political realism triumphed over his moral idealism and despite its claims to the contrary, his Satyagrahas were not always purely spiritual in nature