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  1. Small rake angles 
  2. Sharp cutting edges 
  3. Small depth of cuts 
  4. High cutting speeds 
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1 Answers

Option 1 : Small rake angles 

Concept:

Machining of metals and formation of chips

Types of chip:

(1) Continuous chips with built-up edges – These type of chips are formed during the machining of ductile materials at medium cutting speed. Favourable conditions for this are:

  1. Ductile material
  2. High friction at the face of the tool
  3. Lack of coolant and lubricant


Factors reducing the BUE formation are

  • By increasing cutting speed
  • Increasing rake angle as it will decrease the force
  • By decreasing the feed
  • By reducing the depth of cut
  • By the use of cutting fluid

 

(2) Continuous chips – formed during machining of ductile materials at high speed. Favourable conditions for this type of chip to be formed are as follows:

  1. Ductile material
  2. Large rake angle
  3. High cutting speed
  4. Low depth of cut
  5. Proper use of coolant and lubricant


Benefits of continuous chips are:

  • Gives high surface finish
  • High tool life
  • Low power consumption

 

(3) Discontinuous chips – Formed during machining of brittle materials and while machining ductile materials at low speed.

Favourable conditions for this are:

  • Brittle workpiece
  • Slow speed of cutting
  • Small rake angle
  • Large depth of cut
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