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Option 4 : Science is interpreted as a body of facts, laws and theories which can mainly be understood through personal experience.
Constructivism emphasizes how the learner constructs knowledge from experience, which is unique to each individual.
Constructivist approach in teaching at all levels of school is needed because the conventional pedagogical practices of teaching emphasize learning of answers more than an exploration of questions, memory at the expense of critical thought, bits and pieces of information instead of understanding the context, reading instead of doing i.e, not efficient to achieve the objectives of teaching science as prescribed in NCF-2005.
- Students collaborate with authoritative sources and among themselves to arrive at convincing scientific explanations. This collaboration among students infers a social constructivist model because they are socially involved with one another.
- In this approach classroom environment is much more democratic, students are encouraged to ask questions, and their ideas and previous knowledge are respectfully invited and carefully listened to by the teacher. Science is interpreted as plausible explanations for phenomena that can be understood through argumentation. since argumentation can not be an individual process it involves more than one, which infers the social constructivist model.
- The teacher's teacher provides opportunities for learners to discuss and share their ideas freely, probing, doing their experiments, and other problem-solving activities. Sharing something with others is a social process that infers the social constructivist model.
- Science is interpreted as a body of facts, laws, and theories which can mainly be understood through personal experience. This student does not connect socially with anyone.
Therefore, Science is interpreted as a body of facts, laws, and theories which can mainly be understood through personal experience and does not align with the social constructivist model of science teaching and learning.