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Option 1 : Acute pain
Concept:
- Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience resulting from actual or potential tissue damage.
- Pain is the most common reason for seeking health care. It occurs as the result of many disorders, diagnostic procedures, and treatment.
- There are different types of pain, most common are acute pain, chronic pain, nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain, redicular pain.
- Acute pain is short in duration, protective, associated with soft tissue injury or a temporary illness, so it typically subsides after the injury heals or the illness subsides. Acute pain is usually self - limiting when a reversible element can be identified.
- Acute pain from an injury may progress into chronic pain if the injury doesn't heal correctly or if the pain signals malfunction.
- Pain can be assessed by using Visual Analogue Scale, Faces Pain Scale-Revised.
- Pain management:
- Non-pharmacologic interventions (relaxation and thermotherapy)
- Pharmacologic interventions (opioids, NSAID)
- Chronic pain is longer in duration. It can be constant or intermittent. For example, headaches can be considered as chronic pain when they continue over many months or years, even if the pain isn't always present. Chronic pain is often due to a health condition like arthritis, fibromyalgia or a spine condition.
- Nociceptive pain is a type of pain caused by damage to body tissue. It feels like a sharp, achy or throbbing pain. It's often caused by an external injury. For example, if you hit your elbow, stub your toe, twist your ankle, you may feel nociceptive pain. This type of pain can be experienced in the joints, muscles, skin, tendons and bones. It can be acute or chronic.
- Neuropathic pain is caused due to damage of the nervous system or other parts of the nervous system. It feels like shooting, stabbing or burning sensation or else it feels like pins and needles. It may be intermittent. It can also lead to mobility issue as it interfere with normal movement.
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