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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

  1. Phylum Annelida
  2. Phylum Echinodermata
  3. Phylum Arthropoda
  4. Phylum Mollusca
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Option 2 : Phylum Echinodermata

The correct answer is Phylum Echinodermata.

  • Invertebrates with pentaradial symmetry, spiny skin, a water circulatory system, and a simple nervous system are known as echinoderms.
  • There are around 7,000 extant species in this phylum.
  • Echinodermata are only found in the sea.
  • Echinoderms include sea stars, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, sand dollars, and brittle stars.
  • Echinoderms feature a calcareous endoskeleton with pentaradial symmetry and pigment cells that give them a wide spectrum of hues, as well as cells that contain poisons.
  • Water circulates through an echinoderm's water vascular system, which is made up of a central ring of canals that extends along each arm for gaseous exchange and nutrition.
  • Echinoderms have two sexes that release their eggs and sperm into the water, where the sperm fertilizes the eggs.
    Echinoderms have the ability to reproduce asexually through regeneration.
  • The neurological system of echinoderms is exceedingly simple, consisting of a nerve ring in the center and five radial nerves radiating outward along the arms; there is no brain.​

  • Phylum Annelida:
    • Phylum Annelida contains the class Polychaeta (the polychaetes) and the class Oligochaeta (the earthworms, leeches, and their relatives). 
    • These species can be found in a variety of settings, including marine, terrestrial, and freshwater, but the presence of water or humidity is essential for their survival, especially in terrestrial habitats.
    • This phylum's animals form parasitic and commensal symbioses with other species in their environment.
    • Because of its important property of metamerism, or real segmentation, annelids are commonly referred to as "segmented worms" throughout embryonic stages.
  • Phylum Arthropoda:
    • It includes animals that have been successful in colonizing terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial habitats. 
    • Arthropods have jointed legs and a chitin exoskeleton.
    • Arthropods have a segmented body plan that contains fused segments divided into regions called tagma.
    • Arthropods have an open circulatory system and can breathe through their book gills, book lungs, or tracheal tubes.
  • Phylum Mollusca:
    • Phylum Mollusca is the predominant phylum in marine environments.
    • Mollusks have a soft body with a muscular foot, a visceral mass of internal organs, and a mantle, among other features.
    • The muscular foot of a mollusk is utilized for mobility and anchoring, and it comes in a variety of shapes and functions, as well as the ability to extend and retract.
    • The digestive, nervous, excretory, reproductive, and respiratory systems are all part of the mollusk's visceral mass.
    • Most mollusks have a radula, which looks like a tongue but has teeth-like projections for shredding or scraping food.
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