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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

  1. Pistia
  2. Opuntia
  3. Aegilops
  4. Eichhornia
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1 Answers

Option 4 : Eichhornia

The correct answer is Eichhornia.

Water Hyacinth:

  • Scientific Name: Eichhornia crassipes               
  • The seven species of water hyacinth comprise the genus Eichhornia.
  • Water hyacinth is a free-floating perennial aquatic plant, native to tropical and sub-tropical South America.
  • With broad, thick, glossy, ovate leaves, water hyacinth may rise above the surface of the water as much as 1 meter in height. The leaves are 10–20 cm across and float above the water surface. They have long, spongy and bulbous stalks.
  • water hyacinth has been widely introduced throughout North America, Asia, Australia and they can be found in large water areas such as Louisiana, or in the Kerala Backwaters.
  • It is an invasive species in India.
  • Water hyacinth proliferation can blocks waterways, limiting boat traffic, swimming and fishing.
  • The weed prevents sunlight and oxygen from reaching the water column and submerged plants.
  • By crowding out native aquatic plants, dramatically reduces biological diversity in aquatic ecosystems.

Invasive species:

  • Invasive species or invasive exotics are the non-native or non-indigenous plants and animals that affect the habitats and bioregions they invade economically, environmentally and ecologically.
  • They disrupt by dominating a region and disrupt the natural equilibrium. Alterations in the genetic pool are a major threat posed by invasive species.   
  • Common features of invasive exotics include:   
    • The ability to reproduce both asexually and sexually   
    • Fast growth   
    • Rapid reproduction   
    • High dispersal ability 
    • Tolerance of a wide range of environmental conditions   
    • Ability to live off of a wide range of food types
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