Which of the following are the active materials of a lead-acid cell 1) Lead Peroxide (PbO2) for positive plate 2) Sponge Lead (Pb) for negative plate 3) Concentrated Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as electrolyte 4) Dilute Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as electrolyte?

Option 2 : 1, 2 and 4 only

• A Lead Acid cell is a battery that uses sponge lead and lead peroxide for the conversion of chemical energy into electric power.
• It is commonly used in power stations and substations.
• The container is made of glass, lead-lined wood.
• The plate of load acid cell consists of some form of grid mode of lead and active material.

Active material: The material in a cell that takes active participation in a chemical reaction during charging or discharging.

For a lead-acid cell they are:

• Lead peroxide (PbO₂) = Positive active material
• Sponge lead (Pb) = Negative active material
• Dilute sulfuric acid = Electrolyte

Notes:

• Separators are thin sheets of non-conducting materials made of porous rubbers, or molecules of glass fiber place between positive and negative, to insulate them from each other.
• Battery terminals: It has two terminals ie. A positive terminal with a diameter of 17.5 mm at the top is slightly larger than the negative terminal which is 16 mm in diameter.