Generic Name Tetracycline Hydrochloride
Bangla Name টেট্রাসাইক্লিন হাইড্রোক্লোরাইড
Available brands 30
Language

Introduction

Tetracycline is a broad spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of Actinobacteria. It exerts a bacteriostatic effect on bacteria by binding reversible to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and blocking incoming aminoacyl tRNA from binding to the ribosome acceptor site. It also binds to some extent to the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit and may alter the cytoplasmic membrane causing intracellular components to leak from bacterial cells.

Uses

Tetracycline is an antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of susceptible infections.

Used to treat bacterial infections such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever, tick fevers, Q fever, rickettsialpox and Brill-Zinsser disease. May be used to treat infections caused by Chlamydiae spp., B. burgdorferi (Lyme disease), and upper respiratory infections caused by typical (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis) and atypical organisms (C. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila). May also be used to treat acne. Tetracycline may be an alternative drug for people who are allergic to penicillin.

Associated Conditions

  • Acinetobacter infection
  • Acne Rosacea
  • Actinomycosis
  • Anthrax
  • Bacterial Infections
  • Bartonellosis
  • Brucellosis
  • Campylobacter Infection
  • Chancroid
  • Chlamydial Infections
  • Cholera
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Inclusion
  • Cystitis
  • Endometritis
  • Entamoebic histolytica infection
  • Escherichia infections
  • Gonorrhoea
  • Granuloma Inguinale
  • Helicobacter Pylori Infection
  • Infection
  • Infection
  • Bacteroides
  • Klebsiella Infections
  • Listeria infection
  • Lower respiratory tract infection bacterial
  • Lymphogranuloma Venereum
  • Necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis
  • Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infection
  • Nephritis
  • Ornithosis
  • Plague
  • Prostatitis
  • Psittacosis
  • Q Fever
  • Relapsing Fever
  • Rickettsialpox
  • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
  • Severe Acne
  • Shigella Infection
  • Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Bacterial Infections
  • Skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus
  • Syphilis
  • Trachoma
  • Tularemia
  • Typhus
  • Urinary Tract Infection
  • Yaws
  • Bacterial upper respiratory tract infections
  • Clostridia infections
  • Grade 1
  • grade 2
  • grade 3
  • grade 4 Urinary Tract Infection

Pharmacodynamics

Tetracycline is a short-acting antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. It also binds to some extent to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This binding is reversible in nature. Additionally tetracycline may alter the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria causing leakage of intracellular contents, such as nucleotides, from the cell.

Mechanism of Action

Tetracycline passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane and reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing binding of tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex, and thus interfering with protein synthesis.

Absorption

Bioavailability is less than 40% when administered via intramuscular injection, 100% intravenously, and 60-80% orally (fasting adults). Food and/or milk reduce GI absorption of oral preparations of tetracycline by 50% or more.

Protein Binding

20 - 67% protein bound

Route of Elimination

They are concentrated by the liver in the bile and excreted in the urine and feces at high concentrations in a biologically active form.

Half Life

6-12 hours

Toxicity

LD50=808mg/kg (orally in mice)

Food Interactions

  • Avoid milk and dairy products.
  • Take on an empty stomach. Take at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
  • Take with a full glass of water.

Frequently Asked Questions About Tetracycline Hydrochloride

1. What is Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.

2. How does Tetracycline Hydrochloride work?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. It prevents bacteria from producing proteins necessary for their growth and reproduction, thus halting the infection.

3. What types of infections can Tetracycline Hydrochloride treat?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride is used to treat various bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, acne, Lyme disease, and certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia.

4. How should I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride is usually taken orally in tablet or capsule form, with a full glass of water. It's best taken on an empty stomach, one hour before or two hours after meals, to maximize absorption.

5. What is the usual dosage of Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

The usual dosage of Tetracycline Hydrochloride varies depending on the condition being treated. It is typically 250-500 mg every 6 hours for adults, but your doctor will prescribe the exact dosage.

6. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride be taken with food?

Although it is best taken on an empty stomach, Tetracycline Hydrochloride can be taken with food if it causes stomach upset. However, avoid taking it with dairy products, as they may reduce the drug's effectiveness.

7. What are the common side effects of Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

Common side effects of Tetracycline Hydrochloride include:

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Stomach upset
  • Photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight)

8. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause allergic reactions?

Yes, allergic reactions to Tetracycline Hydrochloride are possible. Signs of an allergic reaction include rash, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if any of these occur.

9. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride be used in children?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride is not recommended for children under 8 years old because it can cause permanent discoloration of teeth and affect bone growth.

10. Is Tetracycline Hydrochloride safe during pregnancy?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride is classified as a Category D drug for pregnancy, meaning it may cause harm to the fetus. It should be used only if the potential benefit outweighs the risk. Consult your doctor before using it during pregnancy.

11. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride be used while breastfeeding?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride passes into breast milk and may affect the infant. It is generally not recommended during breastfeeding unless prescribed by a healthcare provider.

12. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride treat acne?

Yes, Tetracycline Hydrochloride is commonly used to treat moderate to severe acne, especially when caused by bacterial infections.

13. How long does it take for Tetracycline Hydrochloride to work?

It typically takes a few days to see improvement, but the full effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride may take up to several weeks, depending on the condition being treated.

14. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause diarrhea?

Yes, diarrhea is a common side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. If the diarrhea becomes severe or contains blood, contact your doctor immediately.

15. Can I drink alcohol while taking Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

It is advisable to avoid alcohol while taking Tetracycline Hydrochloride, as alcohol can interfere with the effectiveness of the medication and may worsen side effects like stomach upset.

16. Can I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride with other medications?

Yes, but certain medications, such as antacids, iron supplements, and some antidiarrheal drugs, may interact with Tetracycline Hydrochloride and affect its absorption. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before combining medications.

17. What should I do if I miss a dose of Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take two doses at once.

18. What are the contraindications of Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride should not be used in people who are allergic to tetracyclines, or those with severe kidney or liver disease. It is also contraindicated in pregnant women and young children under 8 years old.

19. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause sensitivity to sunlight?

Yes, Tetracycline Hydrochloride can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. You should avoid prolonged sun exposure and wear sunscreen while taking this medication.

20. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause tooth discoloration?

Yes, Tetracycline Hydrochloride can cause permanent tooth discoloration if used during tooth development in children under 8 years old.

21. What should I avoid while taking Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

While taking Tetracycline Hydrochloride, avoid:

  • Sun exposure or tanning beds
  • Dairy products (such as milk, cheese, or yogurt) within 2 hours of taking the medication
  • Antacids or supplements containing calcium, iron, or magnesium

22. How should I store Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

Store Tetracycline Hydrochloride at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep it out of reach of children.

23. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause nausea?

Yes, nausea is a common side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. Taking the medication with a full glass of water and on an empty stomach can help reduce nausea.

24. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride be used for dental infections?

Yes, Tetracycline Hydrochloride can be used to treat bacterial infections, including some dental infections, when prescribed by a dentist or doctor.

25. How does Tetracycline Hydrochloride compare to other antibiotics?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride is broad-spectrum and effective against a wide range of bacterial infections. However, other antibiotics may be preferred depending on the specific infection, the resistance pattern of the bacteria, and patient factors.

26. Can I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride with other antibiotics?

It is important to consult your doctor before combining Tetracycline Hydrochloride with other antibiotics. Some antibiotics may interfere with each other’s effectiveness.

27. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride be used for sinus infections?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride can be used to treat sinus infections caused by bacterial infections, but other antibiotics may be preferred depending on the bacteria involved.

28. Can I use Tetracycline Hydrochloride for a cold or the flu?

No, Tetracycline Hydrochloride is not effective against viral infections like the common cold or flu. It is only effective against bacterial infections.

29. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause liver damage?

In rare cases, Tetracycline Hydrochloride can cause liver damage, especially in people with preexisting liver conditions. Symptoms of liver problems may include yellowing of the skin or eyes.

30. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause an upset stomach?

Yes, an upset stomach is a common side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. Taking the medication with food can help alleviate this symptom.

31. How long can I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

The duration of Tetracycline Hydrochloride treatment depends on the type and severity of the infection. Follow your doctor's instructions and complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better.

32. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause headaches?

Yes, headaches are a possible side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. If headaches persist or become severe, consult your doctor.

33. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause skin rash?

A rash is a possible side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. If the rash is severe or accompanied by other symptoms like swelling, seek medical attention immediately.

34. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride be used for urinary tract infections?

Yes, Tetracycline Hydrochloride can be used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by susceptible bacteria.

35. Can I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride if I have kidney disease?

If you have kidney disease, your doctor may adjust the dose of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. It's important to inform your doctor about any kidney problems.

36. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause vomiting?

Yes, vomiting is a potential side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. If vomiting is severe or persistent, contact your healthcare provider.

37. Does Tetracycline Hydrochloride interact with birth control pills?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride may reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills. Use a backup contraceptive method while taking this antibiotic.

38. Can I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride for a sore throat?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride may be used for bacterial infections causing a sore throat, such as streptococcal infections. It is not effective for viral sore throats.

39. Is Tetracycline Hydrochloride safe for long-term use?

Long-term use of Tetracycline Hydrochloride may lead to antibiotic resistance and other complications. It should be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

40. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause dizziness?

Dizziness is a potential side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride. If dizziness occurs, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.

41. Can I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride for eye infections?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride may be used for eye infections caused by bacterial agents. However, there are other antibiotics specifically formulated for eye infections.

42. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause changes in appetite?

Changes in appetite, such as loss of appetite, can occur with Tetracycline Hydrochloride, but they are not common side effects.

43. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride treat pneumonia?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride can be used to treat bacterial pneumonia caused by susceptible organisms, but other antibiotics may be more commonly prescribed.

44. Does Tetracycline Hydrochloride require a prescription?

Yes, Tetracycline Hydrochloride is a prescription medication, and it should be used only under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

45. Can I use Tetracycline Hydrochloride for a skin infection?

Yes, Tetracycline Hydrochloride can treat certain skin infections caused by bacteria, including acne and other superficial bacterial infections.

46. Can I take Tetracycline Hydrochloride if I have a yeast infection?

Tetracycline Hydrochloride is not effective against yeast infections. Antifungal medications are required to treat yeast infections.

47. Can I get a yeast infection from taking Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

Yes, prolonged use of antibiotics like Tetracycline Hydrochloride can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the body, leading to yeast infections.

48. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride cause hearing problems?

Hearing loss is a rare but possible side effect of Tetracycline Hydrochloride, especially with prolonged or high-dose use.

49. Can Tetracycline Hydrochloride be used for food poisoning?

If food poisoning is caused by a bacterial infection, Tetracycline Hydrochloride may be effective, but other antibiotics may be more appropriate depending on the cause.

50. Is it necessary to finish the entire course of Tetracycline Hydrochloride?

Yes, it is important to finish the entire course of Tetracycline Hydrochloride even if you feel better to ensure that the infection is fully treated and to prevent resistance.

Medical review

Last reviewed: 24 Jul 2026

Medically reviewed by:

This is general information, not personal medical advice. Consult a doctor before taking any medicine.

Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
Brand medicines containing Tetracycline Hydrochloride