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For load flow studies, what are the quantities specified at load bus?

For load flow studies, what are the quantities specified at load bus? Correct Answer P and Q

Explanation:

A bus in a power system is a line at which the several components of the power system like generators, loads, and feeders, etc., are connected.

The buses in a power system are associated with four quantities, these quantities are the following:

  • The magnitude of the voltage
  • Phase angle
  • Active power
  • Reactive power
     

In the load flow studies, two variable are known, and the other two is to determined.

Depends on the quantity to be specified the buses are classified into three categories as follow:

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The table shown below shows the types of buses and the associated known and unknown value.

Type of Buses

Specified Quantities

Unknown Quantities

A generation or P-V Bus

P, | V |

Q, δ

Load or P-Q Bus

P, Q

| V |, δ

Slack or Reference Bus

| V |, δ

P, Q

 

Generation Bus  or Voltage Control Bus:

  • This bus is also called the P-V bus.
  • on this bus, the voltage magnitude corresponding to generate voltage and true or active power P corresponding to its rating are specified.
  • Voltage magnitude is maintained constant at a specified value by injection of reactive power.
  • The reactive power generation (Q) and phase angle (δ) of the voltage is to be computed.
     

Load Bus:

  • This is also called the P-Q bus
  • at this bus, the active and reactive power is injected into the network.
  • The magnitude and phase angle of the voltage is to be computed.
  • Here the active power P and reactive power Q are specified, and the load bus voltage can be permitted within a tolerable value, i.e., 5 %.
  • The phase angle of the voltage, i.e.δ is not very important for the load.
     

Slack, Swing, or Reference Bus:

  • Slack bus in a power system absorbs or emits active or reactive power from the power system.
  • The slack bus does not carry any load.
  • At this bus, the magnitude and phase angle of the voltage is specified.
  • The phase angle of the voltage is usually set equal to zero.

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