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Assume that Source S and Destination D are connected through an intermediate router R. How many times a packet has to visit the network layer and data link layer during a transmission from S to D? 

Assume that Source S and Destination D are connected through an intermediate router R. How many times a packet has to visit the network layer and data link layer during a transmission from S to D?  Correct Answer Network layer – 3 times, Data link layer – 4 times

As router has a physical layer, data link layer, and network layer, in router packet visit the network layer in the router just once and returns back to the data link layer, hence the total number of times a packet visits the network layer is 3, i.e once in every node and the total number of times a packet visits data link layer is 4, i.e. once for terminals and twice in the router.

General Diagram

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For an intermediate router: Network layer – 3 times, Data link layer – 4 times 

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