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A paradox is a statement that, despite apparently sound reasoning from true premises, leads to an apparently self-contradictory or logically unacceptable conclusion. A paradox involves contradictory yet interrelated elements that exist simultaneously and persist over time. Some logical paradoxes are known to be invalid arguments but are still valuable in promoting critical thinking. Some paradoxes have revealed errors in definitions assumed to be rigorous, and have caused axioms of mathematics and logic to be re-examined. One example is Russell's paradox, which questions whether a "list of all lists that do not contain themselves" would include itself, and showed that attempts to found set theory on the identification of sets with properties or predicates were flawed. Others, such as Curry's paradox, are not yet resolved. What inference can be made from the above?

A paradox is a statement that, despite apparently sound reasoning from true premises, leads to an apparently self-contradictory or logically unacceptable conclusion. A paradox involves contradictory yet interrelated elements that exist simultaneously and persist over time. Some logical paradoxes are known to be invalid arguments but are still valuable in promoting critical thinking. Some paradoxes have revealed errors in definitions assumed to be rigorous, and have caused axioms of mathematics and logic to be re-examined. One example is Russell's paradox, which questions whether a "list of all lists that do not contain themselves" would include itself, and showed that attempts to found set theory on the identification of sets with properties or predicates were flawed. Others, such as Curry's paradox, are not yet resolved. What inference can be made from the above? Correct Answer A paradox can be useful.

Option 1 is wrong, as no paradox can be called 'wrong'. It is a contradictory statement, but not wrong. Option 2 is also wrong, as the last sentence states that 'Others, such as Curry's paradox, are not yet resolved', which means that some of them have been resolved. Option 3 is correct, as paradoxes promote critical thinking, and cause the re examination of certain theories.

Hence, option 3 is the answer.

Related Questions

Consider the following statements.
1. All valid arguments contain only true premises and a true conclusion.
2. Some valid arguments contain only false propositions - false premises and a true conclusion.
3. All valid arguments contain only false propositions all premises are false, conclusion is false as well.
Which of the above statements is correct?
The question given below consists of a statement, followed by three arguments I, II and III. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are ‘strong’ arguments is/are ‘weak’ arguments and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below each question. Statement: Chat bots and other interfaces are saving employees and HR heads time for more productive activities by providing information and replies to diverse queries or concerns. A few years ago, business communication was driven by multiple faxes in a day and emails were the only quick mode of exchanging information. This information went through the organisation's who's who, while the others were mostly engaged in the daily rut of redundant activities, preventing them from directing their capabilities towards more productive areas. Which of the following arguments brig out the idea that introduction of chat bots and other interfaces is not helping in boosting up the processes? Arguments: I. Using these conversational interfaces, HR departments are successfully aligning themselves with the swiftly-changing organisational processes. These platforms represent people friendly technologies that keep employee experience at the centre, continuously evolving with them.  II. HR technologies are increasingly using advanced machine learning for measuring and analysing workforce engagement. Sentiment analysis is a unique way of gauging an employee's disposition towards the organisation, providing valuable insights essential for improving productivity and predicting attrition rates.  III. The seamless experience chat bots provide makes employees focus on activities that require critical abilities and strategic thinking. Besides enabling HR processes such as generating leave applications and reimbursement forms, the use of chatbots provides quick and smooth access to data from anywhere, anytime. 
Given below are two statements : Statement I:  The evaluation of an argument involves two steps namely evaluating the link between premises and conclusion and evaluating the truth of the premises. Statement II: Deductive arguments in which the conclusion actually follows from the premises are said to be valid, and those that also have true premises are said to be sound. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between ‘strong’ arguments and ‘weak’ arguments. ‘Strong’ arguments are those, which are both important and directly related to the question. ‘Weak’ arguments are those, which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question. The questions below if followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments a ‘strong’ argument is and which a ‘weak’ argument is. Statement: Should the government provide shelter for the homeless? Arguments: I. Yes, the municipal government should take some responsibility of supporting people who aren’t in a position to support themselves. II. No, because the government should help these people to get back on their feet and become self-sufficient by providing job opportunities so that they will be capable of providing shelter for themselves.
In a question below is given a statement followed by two inferences. Inference are logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true. You have to decide which inference can be formed from the given statement. Statement: Among the salaried people in a city, 40% of private sector employees are male members whereas 60% of population in the city is working in a private sector and 40% of government sector employees are females. Inference: I) Number of men working in private sector is equal to number of men working in government sector. Inference: II) Population of working women in the city is 60% of the total salaried population.
The question given below consists of a statement, followed by three arguments numbered I, II and III. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are ‘strong’ arguments and which is/are ‘weak’ arguments and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below each question. Statement: A shortage of bank branches and ATMs across India’s hinterland is holding back Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s financial inclusion efforts and risks angering rural voters ahead of elections next year. After taking office in 2014, Modi set an ambitious target to open a bank account for every household to ensure welfare funds flow directly to India’s poor, while improving access to credit and insurance programs. He pushed policies that helped bring 310 million people into the formal banking system in just four years, according to the World Bank. Based on the arguments stated below and he information stated above, which of the following arguments state the reason for the problem, ‘But many of India’s villages still lack bank branches or ATMs to help service new customers, while the pace of building new financial infrastructure has actually slowed’.  Arguments: I. Because Modi’s government effectively forced poor citizens into the banking system by linking some welfare benefits to bank accounts, villagers have ended up stuck in long queues and struggling with ATMs that often run out of cash or break down.  II. With an election due next year, the mismatch between the government’s policies and the rural banking system is generating frustration among a key slice of India’s electorate. III. The banking system struggled to keep up, while some gains proved temporary. Nearly half of Indian bank accounts were inactive in 2017, meaning they weren’t used at all in the previous 12 months
The question given below consists of a statement, followed by three arguments numbered I, II and III. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are ‘strong' arguments and which is/are ‘weak' arguments and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below each question. Statement:  The central government has told the Supreme Court that anti-adultery laws were required to protect the ‘sanctity of marriage and the institution of family', and any attempt to do away with these laws would hurt ‘Indian ethos'. The government was responding to a court notice on a public interest litigation which wanted the law struck down as it was not gender neutral and the provisions were tilted against men. Which among the following arguments support the above statement regarding the ‘revision of such laws' in the best possible manner? Arguments: I. It seemed to suggest that women were chattel owned by men and could be guided and misguided. II. This would erode the sanctity of marriage as an institution and the societal fabric. The issue of making the provision gender neutral was already pending before the government. III. Any step towards decriminalising the offence in the interim would be detrimental to Indian ethos which gives paramount importance to the institution and sanctity of marriage.
The question given below consists of a statement, followed by three arguments numbered I, II and III. You have to decide which of the arguments is/are ‘strong’ arguments and which is/are ‘weak’ arguments and accordingly choose your answer from the alternatives given below each question. Statement: India’s telecom watchdog has suggested regulation of all entities dealing with consumer data—devices such as iPhones, operating systems such as Android, browsers like Google’s Chrome and apps such as Facebook, Paytm, Uber or Zomato— by bringing them under licence conditions that apply to telecom service providers until a general data protection law is put in place by the government. Which of the following argument weakens the above statement in the best possible manner? Arguments: I. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) said the framework for protection of personal information is ‘not sufficient’ and that the issue of data ownership, privacy, and security is complex and multi-dimensional. It suggested expanding the ambit of licence conditions governing telcos to all entities handling customer information and empowerment of customers to keep their data secure. II. The telecom watchdog further said that individual users owned their data, or personal information, and entities such as devices were ‘mere custodians’ and do not have primary rights over that information. III. Telcos and internet service providers (ISPs) though welcomed recommendations that sought to bring app makers under the same regulations. However, content providers have been opposed to being brought under more regulation. 
In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between strong and weak arguments. Strong arguments are those, which are both important and directly related to the question. Weak arguments are those, which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question. The questions below are followed by two arguments each numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the two arguments is the strong argument and which is the weak argument. Statement: Should the Indian Government withdraw the subsidies on LPG cylinders considering a portion of the population can afford to buy unsubsidised cylinders? Arguments: Yes. Subsidising cylinders leads to its misuse. By not giving subsidies on cylinders, the Government can save a part of its income and spend it on other more productive uses. No. Withdrawing subsidies on cylinders would make them too expensive for the poor and the middle class income groups and they would eventually turn to unsustainable means for household uses leading to pollution and ill health.
Which of the following statements correctly apply to deductive arguments? A. Deductive arguments are either valid or invalid B. There must be a necessary relation between the premises and the conclusion C. Adding new premises improves the validity D. False premises may lead to a true conclusion Choose the correct answer from the options given below :