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Which of the following statements indicate the features of social development during adolescence? Select from the code to indicate your answer : (a) The adolescent develops a norm for evaluation of one’s own conduct. (b) There is manifest a capacity for both convergent and divergent thinking in the adolescent. (c) There is expansion in the vocabulary of the adolescent. (d) The adolescent girl or boy shows tendency for hero worship. (e) The adolescents are usually moody. (f) Formation of cliques takes place during adolescence. Code:

Which of the following statements indicate the features of social development during adolescence? Select from the code to indicate your answer : (a) The adolescent develops a norm for evaluation of one’s own conduct. (b) There is manifest a capacity for both convergent and divergent thinking in the adolescent. (c) There is expansion in the vocabulary of the adolescent. (d) The adolescent girl or boy shows tendency for hero worship. (e) The adolescents are usually moody. (f) Formation of cliques takes place during adolescence. Code: Correct Answer (a), (d) and (f)

Adolescence is the transformational phase of human development and growth. It transforms the growth and maturity from childhood to adulthood. Adolescence is a difficult journey of self-exploration and interaction with the world. It is characterized by contradictions, fantasies, surprises, and uncertainties while posing immense possibilities and threats. As per the WHO adolescent stage of any person ranges between the age of 10-19.

Characteristics of Adolescents’ Social Development

Important Points

Increased peer group influence:

  • Adolescents spend most of their time outside the home and with members of the peer group, so peers have a greater influence on the attitudes, speeches, interests, appearance, and behaviour of adolescents.
  • Being recognized as a popular member of a peer group is an important adolescent need.

Hero worshipping: 

  • It is a very prominent characteristic of an adolescent learner. 
  • They emulate in every way the role model they choose to look up to; for everything about the hero appeals to them.
  • As they emulate their role model's behavior, actions, and preferences, their own social and moral understanding undergoes change, accordingly.

New values in the selection of friends

  • Adolescents want as friends those whose interests and values are similar to theirs, who understand them and make them feel secure, and in whom they can confide problems and discuss matters they feel they cannot share with parents or teachers. Adolescent cliques are developed among adolescents. 

Changes in social behaviour

  • Attraction towards members of the opposite sex is another prominent characteristic of the adolescent.
  • This is natural and occurs mainly because of the sexual maturity taking place among adolescents.
  • The greater the social participation of adolescents, the greater their social competency, as their social skills and abilities develop. 

New social groupings:

  • The gangs of childhood gradually break and the interest in the organized groups controlled by the adults also wanes.
  • They like to be a part of the group control of the group controlled by them.

New values in social acceptance: 

  • The values of the adolescents largely depend on the value system of their peer group which is used to judge others.
  • And they often feel that the value that they hold are in conflict with their parents or society at large.

New values in the selection of leaders: 

  • Adolescents want their leader with some superior abilities and skills because he/ she is representing their group in the eyes of society.
  • Adolescent expects their leaders with certain qualities, like attractive, intelligent, energetic, eager to do things, etc.

Influence of media: 

  • Media becomes a very powerful source of influence in this stage, especially music and television.
  • These provide adolescents with role models like film heroes, great athletes, etc., whom they try to emulate. Such models help adolescents realize their fantasies and dreams.

Body-conscious: 

  • Body image becomes a very important concern for adolescents. Having an appropriate figure, in fact, is almost a teenage obsession.
  • In addition, fashion and glamour reflected in the style of dressing, sporting, make-up, having the right hairstyle, etc. become very important in their lives. These are associated with the social roles that adolescents want to develop and to experiment with.

Hence,  the features of social development during adolescence are:

  • The adolescent develops a norm for evaluation of one’s own conduct.
  • The adolescent girl or boy shows the tendency for hero worship.
  • The formation of cliques takes place during adolescence.

NOTE: 

  • There is manifest a capacity for both convergent and divergent thinking in the adolescent: The convergent and divergent thinking can be developed from early childhood to adulthood.
  • There is expansion in the vocabulary of the adolescent: The vocabulary expands at various stages of life.
  • The adolescents are usually moody: It is true that adolescents are usually moody.

Additional Information

  • Physical Changes: Growth spurts and puberty is observed. These include voice changes, body shape, pubic hair distribution, and facial hair. 
  • Emotional Changes: Develops abstract thinking ability, ​Comparison with their peers, they may show aggression, anxiety, love, etc.

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Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives. One should consciously engage in activities that will nourish your soul. Just as we nourish the body, we need to nurture the soul to connect to the creative power ofthe universe and to manifest joy in our lives. Often, we forget to address the soul, lost as we are in a jungle of material and sensual pleasures. But the more youembrace what feeds your soul, the happier you become. So if you want to enjoy the abundance of life, engage in what enriches your soul. Nurturing the soul is allabout finding calm amidst chaos. There are a number of practices that empower people towards this end including silent contemplation, various forms of meditation,yoga and tai chi However, the rigor and discipline involved in the pursuit of such practices often seems to discourage people. Add to this, the temptations of thematerial world that leave little time and motivation for anyone to pursue the spiritual path. Poet Walt Whitman declared: “Whatever satisfies the soul is truth”. Thegood news is that simple, everyday activities can also nutrify the soul — like spending time in the midst of nature, dancing in the rain or just putting thoughts onpaper. Do whatever is calming and pleases you. Creative pursuits are particularly appealing as inside each one of us, there is an artist craving for release andawaiting an opportunity for expression. One of the ways to indulge the artist within is to get started with the practice of any one or more of the creative art formssuch as music, singing, dancing, acting, drawing, painting, sculpting, poetry, fiction or essay writing. When you engage in such soul nourishing activities, all thought and energy gets focused toward goal accomplishment. At this point, you will find that even unknownforces of the universe are conniving to assist you in your amateurish but sincere attempts. As you progress, you are motivated to do better. You touch and access afaculty, a part of you that you never knew existed. Your inner artist is unleashed, baring the beauty of your soul that has found a fond medium of expression. Forinstance, a sculptors soul is seen in his artwork; a musicians in his compositions; an actors in his acting, a painters in his paintings and so on. It is immaterialwhether your effort is an immaculate artwork or just a clumsy attempt by a layperson. The idea is to try, be inspired and to create giving free rein to the mind. AsMichelangelo remarked: “I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free”! Why do creative pursuits appeal us?