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Statement I): When a loop rating curve is prepared at a gauging station when a flood wave passes, the maximum discharge occurs earlier than the maximum stage. Statement II): When a flood wave passes through a reach, during rising stages, some water may get into depressions on the floodplains of the river and, may be, only part of this spill returns to the channel runoff when flood levels recede.

Statement I): When a loop rating curve is prepared at a gauging station when a flood wave passes, the maximum discharge occurs earlier than the maximum stage. Statement II): When a flood wave passes through a reach, during rising stages, some water may get into depressions on the floodplains of the river and, may be, only part of this spill returns to the channel runoff when flood levels recede. Correct Answer Both Statement I) and Statement II) are individually true and Statement II) is the correct explanation of Statement I)

Concept

A typical discharge Vs Stage curve or also called loop rating curve, when flood wave passes is shown below:

[ alt="F1 A.M Madhu 18.05.20 D1 corrected" src="//storage.googleapis.com/tb-img/production/21/11/F1_A.M_Madhu_18.05.20_D1_corrected.png" style="width: 332px; height: 216px;">

Based on above graph it can be seen that, when a flood wave passes, the maximum discharge occurs earlier than the maximum stage.

This happens because when a flood wave passes, water get into depressions on the floodplains of the river and very less water reaches as channel runoff. 

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