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When a researcher conducts an experiment he or she wants to be sure that any differences between the control and experiment groups are due to

When a researcher conducts an experiment he or she wants to be sure that any differences between the control and experiment groups are due to Correct Answer The experimental manipulation

Experimental research is mainly used in science subjects such as physics, chemistry, medicine, biology etc. Experiment requires two variables, one independent variable, and the other dependent variable. It is important that in experimental research the independent variable is manipulated and the effect of manipulation is observed on the dependent variable. All other extraneous factors are completely controlled within the laboratory. It is based on a research design that uses manipulation and controlled testing to understand the causal processes. Note that:

  • Experimentation helps in establishing causal relationships among different events in educational situations under controlled conditions.
  • Suppose a researcher wants to study the effect of the discussion method on the achievement of students. Here the main objective of the researcher is to know how the discussion method brings about a change in the achievement of students.
  • This means that the change in achievements is dependent on the discussion method.
  • Hence, the achievement of students is the 'dependent variable' and 'discussion method' is the independent variable.
  • In this example, there is only one identified dependent variable. It may, therefore, be inferred that during experimentation, the presence of both the independent variable and dependent variable is necessary.
  • The number of dependent or independent variables may vary from problem to problem. 

Hence, we conclude that when a researcher conducts an experiment he or she wants to be sure that any differences between the control and experiment groups are due to the experimental manipulation.

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