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Doctors Medicines MCQs Q&A

Match the following two sets. Set - I consists of terms related to refractive disorders, retinal and optic nerve problems. Set - II provides description of those terms. Select the correct code for indicating your answer. Set-I (Terms) Set-II (Description)  (a) Astigmatism  (i) It occurs when the flow of fluids in the eye is   restricted  (b) Glaucoma  (ii) It is a hereditary disorder that causes degeneration   of retina  (c) Hyperopia  (iii) It is the result of improper functioning of muscles of   eye(s)  (d) Retinitis Pigmentosa  (iv) It is most commonly known as farsightedness,   results from the failure of cornea    (v) Result in blurred vision, caused by an uneven   curve of cornea or lens of eye

Match the following two sets. Set - I consists of terms related to refractive disorders, retinal and optic nerve problems. Set - II provides description of those terms. Select the correct code for indicating your answer. Set-I (Terms) Set-II (Description)  (a) Astigmatism  (i) It occurs when the flow of fluids in the eye is   restricted  (b) Glaucoma  (ii) It is a hereditary disorder that causes degeneration   of retina  (c) Hyperopia  (iii) It is the result of improper functioning of muscles of   eye(s)  (d) Retinitis Pigmentosa  (iv) It is most commonly known as farsightedness,   results from the failure of cornea    (v) Result in blurred vision, caused by an uneven   curve of cornea or lens of eye Correct Answer <p>(a) - (v), (b) - (i), (c) - (iv), (d) - (ii)</p>

Refractive disorders

  • The most common types of refractive disorders include:
  • myopia (nearsightedness),
  • hyperopia (farsightedness),
  • astigmatism, in which the eye doesn't focus light evenly on the retina, and presbyopia, an age-related condition in which the eye's lens can no longer change shape enough to allow the eye to focus clearly up.

Retinal and optic nerve problems

  • Because the inner retinal cells, including the retinal ganglion cells, may be destroyed in these diseases (inner retinal or whole retinal), prosthetic devices that stimulate the inner retina may not be effective.
  • Common optic nerve diseases include glaucoma, optic neuritis, and ischemic optic neuropathy.

Astigmatism

  • Astigmatism is a type of refractive error in which the eye does not focus light evenly on the retina.
  • This results in a distorted or blurred vision at any distance. 
  • Other symptoms can include eyestrain, headaches, and trouble driving at night.
  • Result in blurred vision, caused by an uneven   curve of cornea or lens of eye
Glaucoma
  • • Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, the health of which is vital for good vision.
  • • This damage is often caused by abnormally high pressure in your eye. 
  • • Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness for people over the age of 60.
  • It occurs when the flow of fluids in the eye is restricted

Hyperopia

  • Hyperopia is known as farsightedness.
  • It is a refractive error, which means that the eye does not bend or refract light properly to a single focus to see images clearly.
  • In hyperopia, distant objects look somewhat clear, but close objects appear more blurred.
  • It is most commonly known as farsightedness, which results from the failure of the cornea.

Retinitis Pigmentosa

  • Retinitis pigmentosa is a genetic disorder of the eyes that causes loss of vision.
  • Symptoms include trouble seeing at night and decreased peripheral vision.
  • As peripheral vision worsens, people may experience "tunnel vision".
  • It is a hereditary disorder that causes degeneration of the retina

​Hence, the correct match is:

Set-I

(Terms)

Set-II

(Description)

Astigmatism

 Result in blurred vision, caused by an uneven   curve of cornea or lens of the eye

Glaucoma

It occurs when the flow of fluids in the eye is   restricted

Hyperopia

It is most commonly known as farsightedness, results from the failure of the cornea

Retinitis Pigmentosa

 It is a hereditary disorder that causes degeneration  of retina

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