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Among the following properties describing diamagnetism identify the property that is wrongly stated a) diamagnetic material do not have permanent magnetic moment. b) diamagnetism is explained in terms of electromagnetic induction c) diamagnetic materials have a small positive susceptibility d) the magnetic moment of individual electrons neutralise each other

Among the following properties describing diamagnetism identify the property that is wrongly stated a) diamagnetic material do not have permanent magnetic moment. b) diamagnetism is explained in terms of electromagnetic induction c) diamagnetic materials have a small positive susceptibility d) the magnetic moment of individual electrons neutralise each other Correct Answer c

CONCEPT:

Diamagnetic substances:

  • Diamagnetic substances are those which develop feeble magnetization in the opposite direction of the magnetizing field.
  • Such substances are feebly repelled by magnets and tend to move from stronger to weaker parts of a magnetic field.
  • Magnetic susceptibility is small and negative i.e. -1 ≤  χ ≤ 0. Therefore option 3 is correct.
  • Examples: Bismuth, copper, lead, zinc, etc.

EXPLANATION:​

  • The motion of all the electrons in an atom of a diamagnetic is in random motion and thus they do not have a permanent magnetic moment. Therefore option 1 is correct.
  • The magnetic moment of the two being equal and opposite, cancel each ( in the absence of an external magnetic field) so that net magnetic each atom is zero. Therefore option 4 is correct.
  • Magnetic susceptibility of diamagnetic materials is small and negative i.e. -1 ≤  χ ≤ 0. Therefore option 3 is incorrect.

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Paramagnetic substances:

  • Paramagnetic substances are those which develop feeble magnetization in the direction of the magnetizing field.
  • Such substances are feebly attracted by magnets and tend to move from weaker to stronger parts of a magnetic field.
  • Magnetic susceptibility is small and positive i.e. 0 <  χ. Therefore option 1 is correct.
  • Example: Manganese, aluminum, chromium, platinum, etc.

Ferromagnetic substances:

  • Ferromagnetic substances are those which develop strong magnetization in the direction of the magnetizing field.
  • They are strongly attracted by a magnet and tend to move from weaker to the stronger part of a magnetic field.
  • Magnetic susceptibility is very large and positive i.e. χ > 1000
  • Example: Iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, and alloys like alnico.

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