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Hydrogen bonding is maximum in

Hydrogen bonding is maximum in Correct Answer ethanol

Concept:

  • Hydrogen bonds: Hydrogen bonds are the dipole-dipole interactions that occur when a Hydrogen is bonded to a very electronegative atom like oxygen, Nitrogen.
  • There are two types of :
    • ​ Intermolecular hydrogen bonding: This type of bonding takes place between two separate molecules, such as in water, alcohols.

  • Intramolecular Hydrogen bonding: This bonding takes place between the atoms of the same molecule, such as seen in ortho nitro phenol.

[ alt="o6lDG" o-nitrophenol is more volatile than p-nitrophenol chemistry stack exchange src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/o6lDG.gif">

  • The hydrogen bond is just an interaction between Hydrogen and an electronegative element where there is no electron exchange leading to weak bonding between molecules.
  • It is difficult to break chemical bonds whereas Hydrogen bonds are easily and rapidly formed and broken under normal biological conditions.

Explanation:

The strength of h bond depends on: 

  • The positive charge on the Hydrogen atom. The more the positive charge on the hydrogen atom, the stronger is the hydrogen bond.
  • The difference in electronegativity of the Hydrogen atom and the highly electronegative atom N, O, F.
  • The strength of hydrogen bonding is : O-F > O-H > O-N
  • Out of the given compounds, only ethanol shows hydrogen bonding.
  • As oxygen is highly electronegative, it induces a highly positive charge in the Hydrogen atom and produces a strong dipole.
  • In ethyl chloride and ether, there is no hydrogen bonding because chlorine is much less electronegative than oxygen and nitrogen and in ethers, there is no hydrogen attached directly to a hydrogen atom.
  • In triethylamine, there is no hydrogen attached to a nitrogen atom. Hence, no hydrogen bonding.

Thus, Hydrogen bonding is maximum in ethanol.

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